Saleem Aqeel, Al Hassani Zaid H, Al Hassani Ali
Infectious Disease, Sheikh Tahnoon Medical City, Al Ain, ARE.
College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, ARE.
Cureus. 2025 Jun 13;17(6):e85898. doi: 10.7759/cureus.85898. eCollection 2025 Jun.
(formerly ) is a rare fungal pathogen that predominantly affects immunocompromised individuals, particularly those with hematologic malignancies and prolonged neutropenia. We report a rare case of S. capitata fungemia in a 49-year-old male newly diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), managed in the United Arab Emirates. Despite prophylactic fluconazole during induction chemotherapy, the patient developed persistent febrile neutropenia. Blood cultures drawn from a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) grew yeast, later identified as via biochemical profiling and carbohydrate assimilation testing. The isolate was resistant to fluconazole and echinocandins but susceptible to amphotericin B and voriconazole. Combination antifungal therapy with liposomal amphotericin B and voriconazole was initiated, and the PICC line was removed. Follow-up imaging revealed pulmonary consolidation and multiple hypodense lesions in the liver and spleen, consistent with disseminated fungal infection. Despite aggressive antifungal management, the patient developed persistent fungemia, multi-organ failure, and died on hospital day 81. This case underscores the diagnostic complexity, intrinsic antifungal resistance, and high mortality associated with , and highlights the need for early species identification, tailored antifungal therapy, and improved fungal diagnostics in the region.
(以前称为 )是一种罕见的真菌病原体,主要影响免疫功能低下的个体,尤其是患有血液系统恶性肿瘤和长期中性粒细胞减少症的患者。我们报告了一例在阿拉伯联合酋长国诊治的49岁新诊断为急性髓系白血病(AML)男性患者发生头状地霉菌血症的罕见病例。尽管在诱导化疗期间使用了预防性氟康唑,但患者仍出现持续发热性中性粒细胞减少。从外周静脉穿刺中心静脉导管(PICC)采集的血培养物中培养出酵母菌,后来通过生化分析和碳水化合物同化试验鉴定为 。该分离株对氟康唑和棘白菌素耐药,但对两性霉素B和伏立康唑敏感。开始使用脂质体两性霉素B和伏立康唑联合抗真菌治疗,并拔除了PICC导管。后续影像学检查显示肺部实变以及肝脏和脾脏多发低密度病变,符合播散性真菌感染。尽管进行了积极的抗真菌治疗,患者仍出现持续真菌血症、多器官功能衰竭,并于住院第81天死亡。该病例强调了与 相关的诊断复杂性、固有抗真菌耐药性和高死亡率,并突出了该地区早期菌种鉴定、针对性抗真菌治疗以及改善真菌诊断的必要性。