Sosa Monica, Eckert Linda O, Kachikis Alisa
Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Ther Adv Infect Dis. 2025 Jul 8;12:20499361251343710. doi: 10.1177/20499361251343710. eCollection 2025 Jan-Dec.
Group B streptococcus (GBS) or is a beta-hemolytic, Gram-positive coccus that can colonize the genitourinary and gastrointestinal tract of pregnant people. GBS can transition from asymptomatic colonization to pathogenic bacterium which can then lead to adverse pregnancy, maternal and neonatal outcomes. While much of the literature focuses on outcomes affecting the neonate, such as early- and late-onset neonatal sepsis, GBS is also thought to be associated with specific pregnancy and fetal adverse outcomes including preterm birth, preterm premature rupture of membranes, urinary tract infection, endometritis, and maternal sepsis. The objective of this literature review is to further address the known associations of these maternal and pregnancy outcomes, review the current strategies for GBS screening and preventative strategies, and explore the current maternal GBS vaccine candidates in development that may address the limitations of current prevention strategies with intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis.
B族链球菌（GBS）是一种β溶血性革兰氏阳性球菌，可定植于孕妇的泌尿生殖道和胃肠道。GBS可从无症状定植转变为致病菌，进而导致不良妊娠、孕产妇和新生儿结局。虽然许多文献关注的是影响新生儿的结局，如早发型和晚发型新生儿败血症，但GBS也被认为与特定的妊娠和胎儿不良结局有关，包括早产、胎膜早破、尿路感染、子宫内膜炎和孕产妇败血症。这篇文献综述的目的是进一步阐述这些孕产妇和妊娠结局的已知关联，回顾当前GBS筛查策略和预防策略，并探讨目前正在研发的孕产妇GBS候选疫苗，这些疫苗可能解决目前产时抗生素预防预防策略的局限性。
