Chen Peiwen, Zheng Bo, Wang Peng, Liu Hao, Pei Haifeng
School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Department of Neurology, Zigong Third People's Hospital, Zigong, China.
Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2025 Jun 27;13:1618232. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2025.1618232. eCollection 2025.
Cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and hyperglycemia are closely associated with ocular diseases including glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, and dry eye syndrome. These conditions are characterized by microvascular damage, hemodynamic alterations, and pathological neovascularization, ultimately leading to significant visual impairment. Traditional treatments often suffer from limitations, such as invasiveness and poor target specificity, highlighting the urgent need for innovative therapeutic approaches. Recent advancements in biomaterials have substantially improved therapeutic efficacy, particularly in the areas of targeted drug delivery, smart sensors, and tissue repair. Smart sensors like contact lenses enable continuous monitoring of intraocular pressure, enhancing glaucoma management. Nanotechnology and drug delivery systems improve drug targeting and bioavailability, enhancing anti-angiogenic therapies. Additionally, biocompatible materials and nanomaterials have shown promise in promoting retinal and optic nerve repair, facilitating neural regeneration and reducing aberrant neovascularization. Despite ongoing challenges, the rapid evolution of materials science holds transformative potential for developing more effective and personalized treatments for ocular diseases.
高血压、高脂血症和高血糖等心血管危险因素与包括青光眼、糖尿病视网膜病变和干眼症综合征在内的眼部疾病密切相关。这些病症的特征是微血管损伤、血流动力学改变和病理性新生血管形成，最终导致严重的视力损害。传统治疗方法往往存在局限性，如侵入性和靶向特异性差等问题，这凸显了对创新治疗方法的迫切需求。生物材料的最新进展显著提高了治疗效果，特别是在靶向药物递送、智能传感器和组织修复等领域。像隐形眼镜这样的智能传感器能够持续监测眼压，改善青光眼的管理。纳米技术和药物递送系统提高了药物靶向性和生物利用度，增强了抗血管生成疗法。此外，生物相容性材料和纳米材料在促进视网膜和视神经修复、促进神经再生和减少异常新生血管形成方面显示出前景。尽管仍面临挑战，但材料科学的快速发展为开发更有效、个性化的眼部疾病治疗方法具有变革潜力。
