Li Fei, Luo Yanjun, Li Xin, Dai Yan, Xiang Qingping
Department of ophthalmology, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, No. 33 Mashi Street, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 610000, Sichuan, China.
Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2024 Dec 18;16(1):300. doi: 10.1186/s13098-024-01532-4.
The potential link between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and the risk of glaucoma has been proposed but remains inconclusive. This meta-analysis aimed to systematically evaluate the association between MetS and the risk of glaucoma.
We conducted a comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science from inception to August 12, 2024, for observational studies assessing the relationship between MetS and glaucoma risk. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to estimate the association. Heterogeneity was assessed using I² statistics, and a random-effects model was applied.
Nine studies involving 2,258,797 participants were included. The pooled results showed that MetS was significantly associated with an increased risk of glaucoma (OR: 1.34, 95% CI 1.15-1.55, p < 0.001; I² = 75%). Subgroup analyses according to the individual component of MetS suggested that hypertension and hyperglycemia were significantly associated with glaucoma, but not for obesity or dyslipidemia, although the difference among subgroups was not significant (p = 0.05). Further subgroup and meta-regression analyses suggested that the results were not significantly affected by study design, average age, sex, method of glaucoma diagnosis, or glaucoma subtype (primary open-angle glaucoma or normal-tension glaucoma). Sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of the findings.
This meta-analysis suggests that MetS is significantly associated with an increased risk of glaucoma. These findings highlight the need for heightened awareness and potential screening strategies for glaucoma in individuals with MetS. Further studies are required to elucidate underlying mechanisms and causality.
代谢综合征（MetS）与青光眼风险之间的潜在联系已被提出，但仍无定论。本荟萃分析旨在系统评估MetS与青光眼风险之间的关联。
我们对PubMed、Embase和Web of Science进行了全面检索，检索时间从数据库建立至2024年8月12日，以查找评估MetS与青光眼风险关系的观察性研究。计算比值比（OR）和95%置信区间（CI）以估计关联。使用I²统计量评估异质性，并应用随机效应模型。
纳入了9项研究，涉及2258797名参与者。汇总结果显示，MetS与青光眼风险增加显著相关（OR：1.34，95%CI 1.15 - 1.55，p < 0.001；I² = 75%）。根据MetS的个体组成部分进行的亚组分析表明，高血压和高血糖与青光眼显著相关，但肥胖或血脂异常与青光眼无显著关联，尽管亚组间差异不显著（p = 0.05）。进一步的亚组和meta回归分析表明，研究设计、平均年龄、性别、青光眼诊断方法或青光眼亚型（原发性开角型青光眼或正常眼压性青光眼）对结果无显著影响。敏感性分析证实了研究结果的稳健性。
本荟萃分析表明，MetS与青光眼风险增加显著相关。这些发现突出了对患有MetS的个体提高青光眼认识和潜在筛查策略的必要性。需要进一步研究以阐明潜在机制和因果关系。
