Çakmak Gülce, Czapek Nicolas Alexander, Weber Adrian Roman, Molinero-Mourelle Pedro, Eick Sigrun, Schimmel Martin
Senior Research Associate, Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland and Department of Prosthodontics, Geriatric Dentistry and Craniomandibular Disorders, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Doctoral candidate, Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
J Prosthet Dent. 2025 Jul 14. doi: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.06.018.
Different computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) materials have been used to fabricate complete arch implant-supported prostheses (CAISPs), but studies comparing their surface properties and biofilm formation are limited.
The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the water contact angle, surface roughness, and biofilm formation of CAD-CAM materials used for CAISPs and to assess the effect of hydrothermal aging.
Seventy disk-shaped specimens were fabricated (Ø5×2 mm) from titanium (Ti), 55-V anodized Ti (Ti5 55 Hz), 65-V anodized Ti (Ti5 65 Hz), cobalt chromium (Co-Cr), zirconia (Zir), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), and polyetheretherketone (PEEK) (n=10). The water contact angle, surface roughness, and initial biofilm formation (CFU) were measured before and after hydrothermal aging and Streptococcus gordonii growth curves were evaluated. Mixed ANOVA with corrections was used to assess the effects of hydrothermal aging and material type (α=.05).
Before aging, Co-Cr had the highest water contact angle (P<.05), excluding PEEK (P=.114). PEEK had the highest roughness (P≤.004). The biofilms (CFU) formed on PEEK, PMMA, and Ti were higher than on Ti5 55 Hz, Ti5 65 Hz, Co-Cr, and Zir (P≤.034). After aging, Ti had the lowest water contact angle. PMMA, PEEK, and Zir had the highest roughness (P<.001). Co-Cr and Zir had more CFU counts than PEEK (P=.024; P=.049). Eluates from aged materials did not affect Streptococcus gordonii growth.
Material type and hydrothermal aging affected surface properties and biofilm formation. Before aging, Co-Cr had the highest water contact angle (except PEEK), while, after aging, Ti had the lowest. PEEK, Zir, and PMMA showed higher roughness than metals. Biofilm formation was greater on Ti, PMMA, and PEEK before aging, but, after aging, PEEK exhibited less biofilm than Zir and Co-Cr.
不同的计算机辅助设计和计算机辅助制造（CAD-CAM）材料已被用于制作全牙弓种植体支持的修复体（CAISPs），但比较它们表面特性和生物膜形成的研究有限。
本体外研究的目的是评估用于CAISPs的CAD-CAM材料的水接触角、表面粗糙度和生物膜形成情况，并评估水热老化的影响。
用钛（Ti）、55-V阳极氧化钛（Ti5 55 Hz）、65-V阳极氧化钛（Ti5 65 Hz）、钴铬（Co-Cr）、氧化锆（Zir）、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA）和聚醚醚酮（PEEK）制作70个圆盘形试件（Ø5×2 mm）（n = 10）。在水热老化前后测量水接触角、表面粗糙度和初始生物膜形成情况（CFU），并评估戈登链球菌生长曲线。采用校正后的混合方差分析来评估水热老化和材料类型的影响（α = 0.05）。
老化前，Co-Cr的水接触角最高（P < 0.05），PEEK除外（P = 0.114）。PEEK的粗糙度最高（P≤0.004）。在PEEK、PMMA和Ti上形成的生物膜（CFU）高于在Ti5 55 Hz、Ti5 65 Hz、Co-Cr和Zir上形成的生物膜（P≤0.034）。老化后，Ti的水接触角最低。PMMA、PEEK和Zir的粗糙度最高（P < 0.001）。Co-Cr和Zir的CFU计数比PEEK多（P = 0.024；P = 0.049）。老化材料的洗脱液不影响戈登链球菌生长。
材料类型和水热老化影响表面特性和生物膜形成。老化前，Co-Cr的水接触角最高（PEEK除外），而老化后，Ti的水接触角最低。PEEK、Zir和PMMA的粗糙度高于金属。老化前，Ti、PMMA和PEEK上的生物膜形成较多，但老化后，PEEK上的生物膜比Zir和Co-Cr少。
