Eichhorn J M, Bailey C M, Blomquist G J
J Anim Sci. 1985 Oct;61(4):892-904. doi: 10.2527/jas1985.614892x.
Fatty acid composition of total lipid extracts of muscle and adipose samples from crossbred bulls (N = 34) and steers (N = 35) was determined by gas-liquid chromatography. Samples of semitendinosus, triceps brachii and longissimus muscle and of subcutaneous and perinephric adipose tissue were excised from the right side of each carcass. In addition, thin-layer chromatography was utilized to obtain phospholipid and triacylglycerol fractions from total lipid extracts of semitendinosus and longissimus muscle and subcutaneous adipose tissue from 10 bull and steer cohorts (N = 20). The most prominent sex condition effect was in percentage of total poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Bull tissues contained higher (P less than .01) percentages of PUFA than those of steers at all sampling sites. This reflected higher percentages of linoleate (C18:2), linolenate (C18:3) and arachidonate (C20:4) in bull tissues. Most of the PUFA were present as phospholipids in muscle samples. The fatty acid composition of muscle phospholipids was similar regardless of sex condition or muscle sampled. Total lipid extracts of semitendinosus and triceps brachii muscles of both bulls and steers contained from 6 to 10% more unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) compared with M. longissimus. Muscle triacylglycerols contained relatively high percentages of saturated fatty acids (SFA). Semitendinosus and longissimus samples from steers contained higher (P less than .05 and P less than .01, respectively) percentages of total SFA than those from bulls. Steer samples contained slightly higher percentages of palmitic acid (C16:0) compared with bulls at all sampling sites, and this difference was significant for M. longissimus. The fat:lean ratio of muscle tissue is the major factor that determines fatty acid composition.
通过气液色谱法测定了杂交公牛（N = 34）和阉牛（N = 35）肌肉和脂肪样本总脂质提取物的脂肪酸组成。从每具胴体右侧切除半腱肌、肱三头肌和背最长肌样本以及皮下和肾周脂肪组织样本。此外，利用薄层色谱法从10个公牛和阉牛群组（N = 20）的半腱肌、背最长肌和皮下脂肪组织的总脂质提取物中获得磷脂和三酰甘油馏分。最显著的性别条件效应体现在总多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）的百分比上。在所有采样部位，公牛组织中PUFA的百分比均高于阉牛（P < 0.01）。这反映出公牛组织中亚油酸（C18:2）、亚麻酸（C18:3）和花生四烯酸（C20:4）的百分比更高。大多数PUFA以磷脂形式存在于肌肉样本中。无论性别条件或所采样的肌肉如何，肌肉磷脂的脂肪酸组成相似。与背最长肌相比，公牛和阉牛的半腱肌和肱三头肌的总脂质提取物中不饱和脂肪酸（UFA）含量多6%至10%。肌肉三酰甘油含有相对较高百分比的饱和脂肪酸（SFA）。阉牛的半腱肌和背最长肌样本中总SFA的百分比分别高于公牛（P < 0.05和P < 0.01）。在所有采样部位，阉牛样本中棕榈酸（C16:0）的百分比略高于公牛，背最长肌的这种差异具有显著性。肌肉组织的脂肪与瘦肉比例是决定脂肪酸组成的主要因素。
