Ullah Irfan, Akhtar Seemab, Adnan Muhammad, Nawab Javed
Department of Botany, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kohat University of Science and Technology Kohat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 26000, Pakistan.
Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kohat University of Science and Technology Kohat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 26000, Pakistan.
Environ Monit Assess. 2025 Jul 16;197(8):924. doi: 10.1007/s10661-025-14395-7.
The phytoremediation efficiency of sixteen native medicinal plants was studied in soil degraded by mining in Mohmand, Northwest Pakistan. Elemental analyses of samples were carried out by using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The average values of soil pH (7.8), electrical conductivity (0.9 dS.m), total soluble salts (0.29%), calcium carbonate (7.75%), organic matter (1.31%), nitrogen (0.65%), phosphorus (14.9%), and potassium (218%). The soil texture was loamy sand, and potentially toxic element (PTE) concentrations (mg.kg) were Cd (3.45), Cr (1602), Cu (45.7), Pb (24.4), Mn (228.5), Fe (675.3), Ni (49.9), and Zn (392.5). The average mean concentration (mg.kg) of PTEs in aerial and underground parts were Cd (2.2, 2.0), Cr (31.3, 30.9), Cu (45.7, 26.2), Fe (353.2, 311.5), Mn (294, 53.4), Ni (51, 9.3), Pb (8.5, 48.9), and Zn (25.6, 21.1), respectively. The bioconcentration factor (BCF) revealed that Cannabis sativa (1.0), Marrubium vulgare (1.1) and Chiliadenus glutinosus (1.7) for Cd; all plants for Pb except Ajuga integrifolia, Calotropis procera, Marrubium vulgare, and Peganum harmala have the phytostabilization efficiency. Mobility ratio (MR) of PTEs indicated that Satureja montana (1.6) for Cd and all plants for Mn and Ni except Lycopersicum esculentum, Marrubium vulgare, Pulicaria dysentrica, and Satureja montana tend to accumulate these PTEs in aerial parts. Pearson's correlation matrix revealed a moderate correlation between Cr - Pb (0.54) and Cu - Zn (0.52) and a significant correlation between Cd - Fe (0.80) and Mn - Ni (0.87). In conclusion, the majority of the medicinal plants studied demonstrated a strong capacity for phytoextraction, while some exhibited phytostabilization efficiency in the area.
在巴基斯坦西北部莫赫曼德地区因采矿而退化的土壤中，对16种本地药用植物的植物修复效率进行了研究。使用原子吸收分光光度计对样品进行元素分析。土壤pH值（7.8）、电导率（0.9 dS.m）、总可溶性盐（0.29%）、碳酸钙（7.75%）、有机质（1.31%）、氮（0.65%）、磷（14.9%）和钾（218%）的平均值。土壤质地为壤质砂土，潜在有毒元素（PTE）浓度（mg.kg）分别为镉（3.45）、铬（1602）、铜（45.7）、铅（24.4）、锰（228.5）、铁（675.3）、镍（49.9）和锌（392.5）。地上和地下部分PTE的平均浓度（mg.kg）分别为镉（2.2，2.0）、铬（31.3，30.9）、铜（45.7，26.2）、铁（353.2，311.5）、锰（294，53.4）、镍（51，9.3）、铅（8.5，48.9）和锌（25.6，21.1）。生物富集系数（BCF）表明，大麻（1.0）、夏至草（1.1）和粘毛果香菊（1.7）对镉具有富集能力；除了筋骨草、牛角瓜、夏至草和骆驼蓬外，所有植物对铅都具有植物稳定效率。PTE的迁移率（MR）表明，山地风轮菜对镉的迁移率为1.6，除了番茄、夏至草、痢疾帚菊和山地风轮菜外，所有植物对锰和镍倾向于在地上部分积累这些PTE。皮尔逊相关矩阵显示铬与铅之间存在中等相关性（0.54），铜与锌之间存在中等相关性（0.52），镉与铁之间存在显著相关性（0.80），锰与镍之间存在显著相关性（0.87）。总之，大多数研究的药用植物表现出很强的植物提取能力，而一些植物在该地区表现出植物稳定效率。
