尼日利亚护士和社区卫生工作者口腔健康教育评估（项目OHE-NCHeW）
Evaluation of the Oral Health Education for Nurses and Community Health Workers (Project OHE-NCHeW) in Nigeria.
作者信息
Oladayo Abimbola M, Lawal Folake B, Sofola Oyinkansola O, Uti Omolara G, Oyapero Afolabi, Aborisade Adetayo, Olujitan Mojisola, Fagbule Omotayo F, Williams Adeola T, Dedeke Aderonke, Idiga Ejiro, Adegoke Yahya-Imam Abdul-Kabir, Oluwagbenga Ilori Adeniji, Mele Aishatu Baba, Baffa Amina Sani, Adetula Ifeoluwa, Musa Khadija Saad, Stewart Bernal, Daep Carlo Amorin, Hines Deon, Beard Jacinto, Lawal Taiwo A, Butali Azeez
机构信息
Missouri School of Dentistry and Oral Health, A.T. Still University, Kirksville, Missouri, USA.
Department of Periodontology and Community Dentistry, University of Ibadan and University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria; Consortium for Advanced Research Training in Africa (CARTA), Nairobi, Kenya.
出版信息
Int Dent J. 2025 Jul 15;75(5):100891. doi: 10.1016/j.identj.2025.100891.
INTRODUCTION
Educating primary healthcare workers (PHCWs) on oral health and its association with systemic health, as well as equipping them with skills to identify common oral diseases for referral to the dentist, is crucial for improving overall health outcomes in underserved regions. However, traditional oral health education programs for PHCWs have yet to increase patient referrals to dental centers significantly, hence the need for competency-based oral health training. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a competency-based oral health training pilot program -Project OHE-NCHeW on the oral health knowledge and referral practices of nurses and community health workers (CHWs) in Nigeria.
METHODS
We utilized a quasi-experimental design with pre-and post-test assessments. One hundred twenty nurses and CHWs (60 intervention, 60 control) across Lagos, Kano, and Ibadan were recruited via cluster sampling. The intervention group underwent a 5-day competency-based oral health training, while the control group received a single-session lecture. Evaluations were conducted immediately after training and 3 months later to assess knowledge, attitudes, and referral practices (KAP) using a validated questionnaire.
RESULTS
Overall, the mean age of the participants was 41.4 ± 10.3 years, with an average of 15.3 ± 9.8 years of practice. Both groups had similar baseline KAP scores. Post-training, the intervention group showed significant improvements in oral health knowledge (P < .0001) and practice scores (P = .0096) only. Referral outcomes varied by location, with Kano logging the highest number of referrals (60.0%), and many (57.5%) of the referred patients attended the clinic (57.5%). Decayed teeth (44.1%) and gum diseases (30.8%) were the most common reasons for referral across all sites.
CONCLUSION
The pilot training significantly enhanced the PHCW's oral knowledge and referral practices, demonstrating the potential to strengthen primary care and inform policies aimed at integrating oral health into primary care frameworks for broader public health impact.
引言
对基层医疗工作者进行口腔健康及其与全身健康关系的教育，并使他们具备识别常见口腔疾病以便转诊至牙医处的技能，对于改善服务不足地区的整体健康状况至关重要。然而，针对基层医疗工作者的传统口腔健康教育项目尚未显著增加患者转诊至牙科中心的数量，因此需要开展基于能力的口腔健康培训。本研究评估了一项基于能力的口腔健康培训试点项目——口腔健康教育与尼日利亚社区卫生工作者项目（Project OHE-NCHeW）对尼日利亚护士和社区卫生工作者（CHW）口腔健康知识及转诊实践的效果。
方法
我们采用了带有前后测评估的准实验设计。通过整群抽样，在拉各斯、卡诺和伊巴丹招募了120名护士和社区卫生工作者（60名干预组，60名对照组）。干预组接受了为期5天的基于能力的口腔健康培训，而对照组接受了一场单次讲座。培训结束后立即以及3个月后进行评估，使用经过验证的问卷来评估知识、态度和转诊实践（KAP）。
结果
总体而言，参与者的平均年龄为41.4±10.3岁，平均从业年限为15.3±9.8年。两组的基线KAP得分相似。培训后，干预组仅在口腔健康知识（P<.0001）和实践得分（P =.0096）方面有显著改善。转诊结果因地点而异，卡诺的转诊数量最多（60.0%），许多（57.5%）被转诊的患者前往了诊所（57.5%）。龋齿（44.1%）和牙龈疾病（30.8%）是所有地点转诊的最常见原因。
结论
试点培训显著提高了基层医疗工作者的口腔知识和转诊实践，显示出加强初级保健并为旨在将口腔健康纳入初级保健框架以产生更广泛公共卫生影响的政策提供信息的潜力。
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