Ferguson Nathan, Zhang Yu, Perez Alexandra M, Mezzell Allison T, Shanbhag Vinit C, Petris Michael J, Vest Katherine E
Department of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio USA.
Department of Biochemistry and Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, University, City, Country.
bioRxiv. 2025 Jul 10:2025.07.08.663731. doi: 10.1101/2025.07.08.663731.
Copper is an essential but potentially toxic nutrient required for a variety of biological functions. Mammalian cells use a complex network of copper transporters and metallochaperones to maintain copper homeostasis. Previous work investigating the role of copper in various disease states has highlighted the importance of copper transporters and metallochaperones. However, questions remain about how copper distribution changes under dynamic conditions like tissue differentiation. We previously reported that the copper exporter ATP7A is required for skeletal myoblast differentiation and that its expression changes in a differentiation dependent manner. Here, we sought to further understand the ATP7A-mediated copper export pathway by examining ATOX1, the copper chaperone that delivers copper to ATP7A. To investigate the role of ATOX1 in a dynamic cellular context, we characterized its binding partners during myoblast differentiation using the proximity labeling protein APEX2 to biotinylate proteins near ATOX1. We discovered that the ATOX1 interactome undergoes dramatic changes as myoblasts differentiate. These dynamic interactions correlate with distinct phenotypes of ATOX1 deficiency in proliferating and differentiated cells. Together, our results highlight the dynamic interactome of ATOX1 and its contribution to myoblast differentiation.
铜是各种生物学功能所必需的,但具有潜在毒性的营养素。哺乳动物细胞利用复杂的铜转运蛋白和金属伴侣网络来维持铜稳态。先前研究铜在各种疾病状态中的作用的工作突出了铜转运蛋白和金属伴侣的重要性。然而,关于在组织分化等动态条件下铜分布如何变化的问题仍然存在。我们先前报道,铜输出蛋白ATP7A是骨骼肌成肌细胞分化所必需的,并且其表达以分化依赖的方式变化。在这里,我们试图通过研究将铜传递给ATP7A的金属伴侣ATOX1来进一步了解ATP7A介导的铜输出途径。为了研究ATOX1在动态细胞环境中的作用,我们使用邻近标记蛋白APEX2对ATOX1附近的蛋白进行生物素化,从而在成肌细胞分化过程中表征其结合伙伴。我们发现,随着成肌细胞的分化,ATOX1相互作用组发生了巨大变化。这些动态相互作用与增殖和分化细胞中ATOX1缺陷的不同表型相关。总之,我们的结果突出了ATOX1的动态相互作用组及其对成肌细胞分化的贡献。
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