Pilon Florence, Dumais Alexandre, Giguère Charles-Édouard, Potvin Stéphane
Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Institut National de Psychiatrie Légale Philippe-Pinel, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Addict Behav. 2025 Nov;170:108434. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2025.108434. Epub 2025 Jul 14.
Impairments in cognition are frequently associated with acute cannabis consumption; on the other hand, controversies persist regarding the residual cognitive impairments of cannabis, with some estimates highlighting significant or mild cognitive impairment. One of the main limitations of the available research syntheses is that little attention has been paid to individuals with cannabis use disorder. Thus, our main objectives are to determine the amplitude of the cognitive deficits associated with cannabis use disorder, and to identify the cognitive domains the most and least impaired.
Studies with a patient group with a cannabis use disorder diagnosis and data from at least one validated neurocognitive test were selected. After manual extraction, data were pooled in a multivariate meta-analysis and effect size estimates were calculated for 13 cognitive domains. Meta-regression analyses on potential moderators were performed.
There were small-to-moderate impairments in 10 out of the 13 cognitive domains. Deficits in verbal learning/memory, speed of processing and working memory were more prominent (d = 0.4/0.5) whereas verbal fluency and attention were the least affected. No association was observed between the potential moderators and global cognition.
This meta-analysis shows that cannabis use disorder is associated with moderate deficits in verbal learning/memory, speed of processing and working memory. Despite the limitation of the studies in the field, our results should serve as a reminder that the residual cognitive impairments associated with cannabis should not be under-estimated prematurely.
认知障碍常与急性大麻使用有关；另一方面，关于大麻使用后的残留认知障碍仍存在争议，一些评估指出存在显著或轻度认知障碍。现有研究综述的主要局限之一是，很少关注患有大麻使用障碍的个体。因此，我们的主要目标是确定与大麻使用障碍相关的认知缺陷程度，并识别受损最严重和最轻微的认知领域。
选取对患有大麻使用障碍的患者群体进行诊断且有来自至少一项有效神经认知测试数据的研究。经人工提取后，将数据汇总进行多变量荟萃分析，并计算13个认知领域的效应量估计值。对潜在调节因素进行荟萃回归分析。
13个认知领域中有10个存在轻度至中度损害。言语学习/记忆、加工速度和工作记忆方面的缺陷更为突出（d = 0.4/0.5），而言语流畅性和注意力受影响最小。未观察到潜在调节因素与整体认知之间存在关联。
这项荟萃分析表明，大麻使用障碍与言语学习/记忆、加工速度和工作记忆方面的中度缺陷有关。尽管该领域的研究存在局限性，但我们的结果应提醒人们，与大麻相关的残留认知障碍不应过早被低估。
