Meng Nan, Zhao Wen-Juan, Zhang Xin-Min, Tao Ping
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2025 Jul 8;46(7):4042-4051. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202405328.
In recent years， the central plains urban agglomeration has been facing air pollution problems， of which the ozone （O） pollution in Hebi City has been particularly prominent， for up to five months， with the most serious pollution situation occurring in June. In this study， the period from June 20-27， 2023， which had the longest O duration （8d） and high O hourly average concentration of 256 μg·m， was selected as a typical O pollution process for characterization and analysis. Various methods， such as the positive definite matrix factor decomposition （PMF） model， air pollutant source emission inventory， and ozone formation potential （OFP）， were used to resolve ozone sources. The Meteoinfo model potential source contribution factor method （PSCF） and concentration weighting trajectory （CWT） method were used to explore the regional transport of O. The results showed that： ① O was more strongly correlated with VOCs and became significantly negatively correlated with aromatic， alkane， and halogenated hydrocarbons， followed by NO. ② Based on the local traceability of VOCs， the reactive species such as isoprene， /-xylene， ethylene， 1，2，4-trimethylbenzene， hexanal， and toluene contributed the most to the O generation， and the results of the local emission inventories and PMF modelling showed that the main sources of VOCs included solvent use sources （25.7%）， process sources （23.1%）， mobile sources （20.4%）， fossil fuel stationary combustion sources （9.9%）， biomass combustion sources （8.9%）， and natural sources （12.15%）. ③ In addition， fossil fuel stationary combustion sources and mobile sources also contributed the most to NO emissions. ④ In response to the pollution process， man-made sources of O pollution were influenced by air masses from different directions in the surrounding cities of Xinxiang， Anyang， and Zhengzhou. Natural sources were mainly influenced by a southeastern air mass dominated by Zhoukou and Chuzhou. In summary， O pollution prevention and control should focus on cutting down the enterprises with high VOCs emissions such as the coal chemical industry in Baoshan Park and the fine chemical industry in Jijishan Park in Hebi， as well as electric power enterprises mainly based on Heqi and Fenghe Power Generation Limited Liability Company， and timely checking the standards for the use of machinery at construction sites and agricultural machinery， while it is crucial to strengthen the regional joint prevention and control.
近年来，中原城市群面临空气污染问题，其中鹤壁市的臭氧（O₃）污染尤为突出，污染时长可达五个月，污染最严重的情况出现在6月。本研究选取2023年6月20日至27日这一O₃持续时间最长（8天）且O₃小时平均浓度高达256 μg·m⁻³的时段作为典型O₃污染过程进行特征分析。采用正定矩阵因子分解（PMF）模型、空气污染物源排放清单和臭氧生成潜势（OFP）等多种方法解析臭氧来源。利用气象信息模型潜在源贡献因子法（PSCF）和浓度权重轨迹（CWT）法探究O₃的区域传输。结果表明：①O₃与挥发性有机物（VOCs）的相关性更强，与芳烃、烷烃和卤代烃呈显著负相关，其次是与氮氧化物（NOₓ）。②基于VOCs的本地溯源，异戊二烯、间/对二甲苯、乙烯、1,2,4-三甲基苯、己醛和甲苯等活性物种对O₃生成的贡献最大，本地排放清单和PMF建模结果表明VOCs的主要来源包括溶剂使用源（25.7%）、工艺源（23.1%）、移动源（20.4%）、化石燃料固定燃烧源（9.9%）、生物质燃烧源（8.9%）和天然源（12.15%）。③此外，化石燃料固定燃烧源和移动源对NOₓ排放的贡献也最大。④针对该污染过程，O₃污染的人为源受新乡、安阳和郑州等周边城市不同方向气团的影响。天然源主要受以周口和滁州为主的东南气团影响。综上所述，O₃污染防治应重点削减鹤壁宝山园区的煤化工、姬家山园区的精细化工等高VOCs排放企业，以及以鹤淇、丰鹤发电有限责任公司为主的电力企业，及时检查建筑工地和农业机械的机械使用标准，同时加强区域联防联控至关重要。
