Macedo Maria Isabel Pinto Ferreira, Ovando Ximena Maria Constanza, D'ávila Sthefane
Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Museu de Malacologia Prof. Maury Pinto de Oliveira, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
PeerJ. 2025 Jul 14;13:e19641. doi: 10.7717/peerj.19641. eCollection 2025.
Terrestrial gastropods are one of the most imperiled animal groups in the world. However, information on population size and structure, geographic range and their trends over time, which is necessary to assess species conservation status, is unavailable or insufficient for most land snail taxa, making it difficult to apply the IUCN criteria. Ecological niche modelling (ENM) has been used to predict geographic distribution, allowing better characterization of the distribution ranges of endemic or rare species, offering the necessary information for stating their conservation status and planning for conservation measures.
We compiled occurrence records of and (herein proposed as a junior synonym of ) associated with museum collections and human observation. A distribution map including geographic boundaries and Brazilian biomes was made with QGis version 3.10.14. For niche modelling, seven bioclimatic variables were used as predictors. The models were performed using different packages in R environment version 4.2.0.
We have redescribed based on the inner anatomy and shell sculpture, also providing the first comparative conchological analysis with congeneric species. We also updated the current distribution of the species within the main Brazilian biomes and estimated its potential geographic distribution using the ENM approach. The ENM results revealed a belt of mid-to-high suitability areas from Northeast to South Brazil in the Atlantic Forest, the most degraded biome in Brazil. In the Northeast these areas extended from the Atlantic Forest to the Caatinga and in the South, from the Atlantic Forest to the Pampas. Additional areas of mid-suitability were found in Cerrado, the second most degraded biome in Brazil. Our results also revealed a continuous area of mid-to-high environmental suitability for within the Arc of Amazon deforestation. Our results evidence the scarcity of occurrence records for this species and most of these records do not correspond to protected areas. Also the ecologically suitable areas for are in regions disturbed by deforestation, fires, urbanization, habitat loss, mining, and flooding, which may represent the main threats for this species. Nonetheless, the information necessary to apply the IUCN criteria for is still incipient and this species should be classified as data deficient.
陆生腹足纲动物是世界上受威胁最严重的动物群体之一。然而，对于大多数陆地蜗牛分类群而言，评估物种保护状况所需的种群规模与结构、地理分布范围及其随时间的变化趋势等信息却不可获取或并不充分，这使得难以应用国际自然保护联盟（IUCN）的标准。生态位建模（ENM）已被用于预测地理分布，从而能够更好地描述特有或珍稀物种的分布范围，为阐明其保护状况及规划保护措施提供必要信息。
我们收集了与博物馆藏品及人类观察相关的[物种名称1]和[物种名称2]（本文提议将[物种名称2]作为[物种名称1]的次异名）的出现记录。使用QGis 3.10.14版本制作了一张包含地理边界和巴西生物群落的分布图。对于生态位建模，使用了七个生物气候变量作为预测因子。在R环境4.2.0版本中使用不同的软件包运行模型。
我们基于内部解剖结构和贝壳雕刻对[物种名称1]进行了重新描述，还首次提供了与同属物种的比较贝类学分析。我们还更新了该物种在巴西主要生物群落中的当前分布，并使用ENM方法估计了其潜在地理分布。ENM结果显示，在巴西退化最严重的生物群落大西洋森林中，从巴西东北部到南部存在一条中高适宜性区域带。在东北部，这些区域从大西洋森林延伸至卡廷加，在南部则从大西洋森林延伸至潘帕斯草原。在巴西第二大退化生物群落塞拉多发现了其他中等适宜性区域。我们的结果还揭示了在亚马逊森林砍伐弧线范围内存在一个对[物种名称1]具有中高环境适宜性的连续区域。我们的结果证明了该物种出现记录的稀缺性，并且这些记录大多与保护区不对应。此外，[物种名称1]的生态适宜区域位于受到森林砍伐、火灾、城市化、栖息地丧失、采矿和洪水干扰的地区，这些可能是该物种面临的主要威胁。尽管如此，应用IUCN标准评估[物种名称1]所需的信息仍然初步，该物种应被归类为数据缺乏。
