Pasdar Yahya, Tadibi Vahid, Sadeghi Ehsan, Najafi Farid, Abbaspour Mohammadreza, Saber Amir, Ghorbani Zahra, Sharifi Shima, Miryan Mahsa
Department of Nutritional Sciences School of Nutritional Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah Iran.
Exercise Metabolism and Performance Lab (EMPL), Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences Razi University Kermanshah Iran.
Food Sci Nutr. 2025 Jul 16;13(7):e70497. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.70497. eCollection 2025 Jul.
Royal jelly (RJ) has been shown in animal models to alleviate muscle fatigue and damage during exercise. This trial was designed to assess the effect of RJ on exercise performance, oxidative stress, and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 () and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha () expression in endurance-trained male athletes. In this randomized, crossover trial, 18 eligible participants were randomly assigned to receive RJ (1000 mg/day) in one period and placebo in another period for 2 weeks, with a 2-week washout. The exhaustive endurance-running test was conducted to assess time to exhaustion (TTE), perceived exertion, arousal levels, and affective response. Blood samples were collected to assess gene expression, malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and total oxidant status (TOS). The carryover and sequence effects were not significant for all outcomes (-value > 0.05). The mean changes from baseline were statistically significant for TTE (7.32; 95% CI: 4.61-10.02; -value: 0.001), post-exercise TOS (-18.56; 95% CI: -31.61 to -5.51; -value: 0.008), and PGC-1α expression (2.23; 95% CI: 0.49-3.98; -value: 0.015) with RJ, and TTE (2.69; 95% CI: 0.80-4.59; -value: 0.008) with placebo. The treatment differences in TTE and PGC-1α expression relative to placebo were 4.63 min (95% CI: 1.78-7.48; -value: 0.002) and 2.12 (95% CI: 0.16-4.09; -value: 0.035), respectively. No significant effects were observed in expression, perceived exertion, arousal levels, affective response, heart rate, and other oxidative stress markers. RJ supplementation improved endurance capacity and expression but had no significant effect on oxidative stress and expression in endurance-trained athletes, suggesting selective ergogenic effects. Further studies are needed to evaluate its efficacy across different athlete populations.
蜂王浆（RJ）在动物模型中已显示出可缓解运动期间的肌肉疲劳和损伤。本试验旨在评估RJ对耐力训练的男性运动员运动表现、氧化应激、核因子红细胞2相关因子2（Nrf2）和过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ辅激活因子1α（PGC-1α）表达的影响。在这项随机交叉试验中，18名符合条件的参与者被随机分配，在一个阶段接受RJ（1000毫克/天），在另一个阶段接受安慰剂，为期2周，中间有2周的洗脱期。进行力竭性耐力跑测试以评估力竭时间（TTE）、主观用力程度、唤醒水平和情感反应。采集血样以评估基因表达、丙二醛（MDA）、总抗氧化能力（TAC）和总氧化状态（TOS）。所有结果的残留效应和序列效应均不显著（P值>0.05）。RJ组的TTE（7.32；95%CI：4.61-10.02；P值：0.001）、运动后TOS（-18.56；95%CI：-31.61至-5.51；P值：0.008）和PGC-1α表达（2.23；95%CI：0.49-3.98；P值：0.015），以及安慰剂组的TTE（2.69；95%CI：0.80-4.59；P值：0.008）与基线的平均变化具有统计学意义。相对于安慰剂，TTE和PGC-1α表达的治疗差异分别为4.63分钟（95%CI：1.78-7.48；P值：0.002）和2.12（95%CI：0.16-4.09；P值：0.035）。在Nrf2表达、主观用力程度、唤醒水平、情感反应、心率和其他氧化应激标志物方面未观察到显著影响。补充RJ可提高耐力训练运动员的耐力能力和PGC-1α表达，但对氧化应激和Nrf2表达无显著影响，提示有选择性的促力效应。需要进一步研究以评估其在不同运动员群体中的疗效。
