[人源和动物源耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）分离株的分子生物学分析]

[Molecular biological analysis of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates of human and animal origin].

作者信息

Hricová Kristýna, Pudová Vendula, Fišerová Kateřina, Htoutou Sedláková Miroslava, Karpíšková Renata, Brodíková Kristýna, Bardoň Jan

机构信息

Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, Czech Republic, e-mail:

出版信息

Klin Mikrobiol Infekc Lek. 2025 Mar;31(1):5-10.

PMID:40678959

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

The aim of this study was to compare methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates originating from the human population (hospitalized patients) with those from the animal sector (livestock and companion animals).

MATERIAL AND METHODS

Over an 11-month period from 2023 to 2024, MRSA isolates were obtained from both human and animal sources. The collected bacterial strains underwent antimicrobial susceptibility testing using the standard microdilution method according to EUCAST criteria. Additionally, a molecular biological analysis was performed to detect the presence of the mecA/C genes, selected virulence factors (PVL, TSST-1, enterotoxins, and exfoliatins), and spa type classification.

RESULTS

From clinical samples obtained from patients at the University Hospital Olomouc and the Military Hospital in Olomouc, 3 189 Staphylococcus aureus (SA) isolates were detected. Of these, 60 were identified as MRSA using standard laboratory methods (2 % prevalence). These isolates were most frequently classified as spa type t003 (45 %), with 89 % of the identified MRSA isolates possessing at least one of the selected virulence genes. In 19 % of the isolates, genes for Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) were identified. In animal samples (a total of 113 SA isolates), the MRSA prevalence was 17 %, with the most common spa type being t034 (53 %). The MRSA isolates of animal origin did not possess any of the tested virulence factors.

CONCLUSIONS

The low observed prevalence of MRSA in humans indicates effective adherence to hygiene standards in healthcare facilities. Conversely, the high carriage rate of MRSA in the animal population should not be overlooked. Companion animals colonized by MRSA may pose a risk to themselves and their owners. Livestock colonized by MRSA strains may present a potential risk to personnel handling them and could also serve as a source of contaminated food products.

摘要

目的

本研究旨在比较源自人类群体（住院患者）的耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）分离株与来自动物领域（家畜和伴侣动物）的分离株。

材料与方法

在2023年至2024年的11个月期间，从人类和动物来源获取MRSA分离株。根据欧盟CAST标准，使用标准微量稀释法对收集的细菌菌株进行药敏试验。此外，进行分子生物学分析以检测mecA/C基因、选定的毒力因子（PVL、TSST-1、肠毒素和剥脱毒素）的存在以及spa分型。

结果

在奥洛穆茨大学医院和奥洛穆茨军事医院从患者临床样本中检测到3189株金黄色葡萄球菌（SA）分离株。其中，使用标准实验室方法鉴定出60株为MRSA（患病率为2%）。这些分离株最常分类为spa型t003（45%），89%的已鉴定MRSA分离株至少拥有一种选定的毒力基因。在19%的分离株中鉴定出杀白细胞素（PVL）基因。在动物样本（共113株SA分离株）中，MRSA患病率为17%，最常见的spa型为t034（53%）。动物源MRSA分离株不具备任何测试的毒力因子。