Zaitseva N V, Starkova K G, Dolgikh O V, Alekseev V B
Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, Perm, Russia.
Bull Exp Biol Med. 2025 May;179(1):54-57. doi: 10.1007/s10517-025-06430-x. Epub 2025 Jul 18.
We compared changes in the expression of the cytokine profile modified by SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus in an in vitro experiment. A mixed population of immunocytes (T-helpers, B cells, NK cells, cytotoxic T lymphocytes, and monocytes) was isolated from peripheral venous blood samples (n = 32) of conditionally healthy male donors aged 25-35 years. The modifying factors were recombinant adenovirus particles of 26 and 5 serotypes containing the gene encoding S protein of SARS-CoV-2, as well as vaccine antigens (hemagglutinins) of influenza virus type A (H1N1 and H2N3) and type B. Multidirectional changes in the cytokine production was revealed upon exposure to SARS-CoV-2 antigens: stimulation of the expression of IL-1β and IL-8 and suppression of the production of IL-4 and IL-6; changes in the expression of IL-8 and IL-6 were more pronounced after combined exposure (SARS-CoV-2 + influenza virus). Influenza virus antigens predominantly stimulated the expression (IL-8), while the maximum cytokine-producing effects were noted after combined exposure to SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus antigens. The obtained results extend the understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms associated with persistence of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus. The modifications of the cytokine profile produced by the viruses and verified in vitro allow predicting and monitoring the course of diseases.
我们在体外实验中比较了由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）和流感病毒引起的细胞因子谱表达变化。从25至35岁的健康男性供体的外周静脉血样本（n = 32）中分离出免疫细胞混合群体（辅助性T细胞、B细胞、自然杀伤细胞、细胞毒性T淋巴细胞和单核细胞）。修饰因子为含有SARS-CoV-2 S蛋白编码基因的26型和5型重组腺病毒颗粒，以及甲型流感病毒（H1N1和H2N3）和乙型流感病毒的疫苗抗原（血凝素）。暴露于SARS-CoV-2抗原后发现细胞因子产生的多向变化：刺激白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）和白细胞介素-8（IL-8）的表达，并抑制IL-4和IL-6的产生；联合暴露（SARS-CoV-2 + 流感病毒）后，IL-8和IL-6的表达变化更明显。流感病毒抗原主要刺激IL-8的表达，而在联合暴露于SARS-CoV-2和流感病毒抗原后观察到最大的细胞因子产生效应。所获得的结果扩展了对与SARS-CoV-2和流感病毒持续存在相关的致病机制的理解。病毒产生并在体外验证的细胞因子谱修饰有助于预测和监测疾病进程。
