Wang Ruiqi, Lin Yaqi, Chen Lixue, Tian Tian, Wu Hongping, Yang Rui, Li Rong, Liu Ping, Qiao Jie
Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 Huayuan North Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
J Ovarian Res. 2025 Jul 18;18(1):156. doi: 10.1186/s13048-025-01749-5.
This multicenter retrospective study examines the impact of female COVID-19 infection on assisted reproductive technology (ART) outcomes, including clinical pregnancy rates, miscarriage rates, and live birth rates, and further evaluated potential influencing factors associated with these outcomes.
Our multicenter retrospective cohort study analyzed 10,140 cycles (2021-2023) from 10 Beijing ART centers, comparing 4,099 cycles from COVID-19-positive women with 6,041 age-matched (1:1.5) COVID-negative controls (pre-pandemic). Outcomes included pregnancy, miscarriage, and live birth rates, analyzed via logistic regression.
In our study, maternal COVID-19 infection showed no significant association with ART outcomes, including clinical pregnancy, miscarriage and live birth. However, subtle differences were still observed. Among women with prior COVID-19 infection, compared to those with transfers ≥ 90 days post-infection (16.1%), miscarriage rates were significantly higher in the < 30 days (20.5%, p = 0.055) and 30-60 days (20.4%, p = 0.032) groups, whereas no increase was observed in the 60-90 days group (15.3%, p = 0.912). Additionally, advanced maternal age and elevated FSH levels (> 10 mIU/mL) were associated with diminished clinical pregnancy and live birth rates. What's more, maternal COVID-19 symptoms and medication use did not significantly affect ART treatment outcomes.
Our results suggest that while maternal COVID-19 infection does not clearly affect overall ART outcomes, embryo transfer within 60 days may increase miscarriage risk. This provides useful guidance for timing treatment during COVID-19 and future public health emergencies.
Our study found that while a history of the female partner's COVID-19 infection does not significantly impact ART outcomes, miscarriage rates are higher when embryo transfer occurs within 60 days post-infection. We recommend waiting at least 60 days after infection to minimize miscarriage risk.
本多中心回顾性研究探讨女性新冠病毒感染对辅助生殖技术（ART）结局的影响，包括临床妊娠率、流产率和活产率，并进一步评估与这些结局相关的潜在影响因素。
我们的多中心回顾性队列研究分析了北京10个ART中心2021年至2023年的10140个周期，将4099个新冠病毒阳性女性的周期与6041个年龄匹配（1:1.5）的新冠病毒阴性对照（疫情前）进行比较。结局包括妊娠、流产和活产率，通过逻辑回归分析。
在我们的研究中，孕产妇新冠病毒感染与ART结局无显著关联，包括临床妊娠、流产和活产。然而，仍观察到细微差异。在既往有新冠病毒感染的女性中，与感染后≥90天进行移植的女性（16.1%）相比，感染后<30天（20.5%，p=0.055）和30-60天（20.4%，p=0.032）组的流产率显著更高，而60-90天组未观察到增加（15.3%，p=0.912）。此外，高龄产妇和FSH水平升高（>10 mIU/mL）与临床妊娠率和活产率降低相关。此外，孕产妇新冠病毒症状和用药情况对ART治疗结局无显著影响。
我们的结果表明，虽然孕产妇新冠病毒感染并未明显影响总体ART结局，但感染后60天内进行胚胎移植可能会增加流产风险。这为新冠疫情期间及未来公共卫生紧急情况时的治疗时机提供了有用指导。
我们的研究发现，虽然女性伴侣的新冠病毒感染史对ART结局无显著影响，但感染后60天内进行胚胎移植时流产率更高。我们建议感染后至少等待60天以将流产风险降至最低。
