Pourayyoubi Babak, Rezaei-Ashtiani Alireza, Javaheri Javad, Ebrahimi Monfared Mohsen, Zamani Farzad
Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
Brain Behav. 2025 Jul;15(7):e70697. doi: 10.1002/brb3.70697.
Tinnitus is a common condition where a person perceives sound despite there being no external auditory stimuli. It is proven that overexpression of NMDA (N-methyl-d-aspartate) glutamate receptors increases the sensitivity of neurons to glutamate transmission, creating a destructive cycle of excitotoxicity. NMDA receptor antagonists, such as memantine, seem to be effective in treating tinnitus. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of memantine as a treatment for tinnitus in a double-blind randomized placebo control clinical trial.
The participants were patients with tinnitus. A total of 70 patients were randomly assigned into two groups, intervention and a placebo, with an equal number of patients in each group. Both groups received conventional treatment with cinnarizine at a dose of 25 mg twice a day. In the intervention group, memantine was added to cinnarizine with starting dose of 5 mg. Tinnitus Severity Index (TSI) and Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) were recorded before and after study in both groups.
There was no significant difference in the initial mean of NRS and TSI scores between two groups. After treatment, the mean NRS and TSI scores were significantly lower in the intervention group. Although the changes in mean NRS scores were significant in both groups at the end of study but only the mean TSI scores were significantly decreased in the intervention group.
On the basis of these findings, it is suggested that memantine may have remarkable effect in reducing tinnitus and its discomfort.
耳鸣是一种常见病症，即即便没有外部听觉刺激，患者仍能感知到声音。已证实，N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸（NMDA）谷氨酸受体的过度表达会增加神经元对谷氨酸传递的敏感性，从而形成兴奋性毒性的破坏循环。NMDA受体拮抗剂，如美金刚，似乎对治疗耳鸣有效。本研究旨在通过双盲随机安慰剂对照临床试验，检验美金刚治疗耳鸣的有效性。
参与者为耳鸣患者。总共70名患者被随机分为两组，即干预组和安慰剂组，每组患者数量相等。两组均接受常规治疗，服用桂利嗪，剂量为每日两次，每次25毫克。干预组在桂利嗪基础上加用美金刚，起始剂量为5毫克。两组在研究前后均记录耳鸣严重程度指数（TSI）和数字评定量表（NRS）。
两组的NRS和TSI评分初始均值无显著差异。治疗后，干预组的NRS和TSI平均得分显著降低。虽然在研究结束时两组的NRS平均得分变化均显著，但只有干预组的TSI平均得分显著下降。
基于这些发现，提示美金刚在减轻耳鸣及其不适方面可能有显著效果。
