Sholan Rashad, Aliyev Rufat, Karimov Seymur, Musayev Jamal, Almazkhanli Anar, Ismayilov Rahman
Scientific Research Center, State Security Service Military Hospital, Baku, Azerbaijan.
Scientific Research Center, Azerbaijan Medical University, Baku, Azerbaijan.
Surg Pract Sci. 2025 Jul 3;22:100296. doi: 10.1016/j.sipas.2025.100296. eCollection 2025 Sep.
Radical cystectomy is the standard treatment for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). This study presents the first analysis of open radical cystectomy (ORC) outcomes in Azerbaijan, where robotic surgery is unavailable.
We retrospectively analyzed 106 patients with non-metastatic MIBC who underwent ORC with bilateral pelvic lymph node dissection and Bricker ileal conduit reconstruction, performed by a single surgeon between 2014 and 2024. Demographic data, comorbidities, operative metrics (duration, blood loss), complications, length of stay, and follow-up data were analyzed.
The cohort's mean age was 64.2 years (72.6 % male), with common comorbidities including hypertension (33 %), diabetes (33 %), and coronary artery disease (24.5 %). The median operative time was 300 min and blood loss was 450 mL. Postoperative complications occurred in 9.4 %, primarily urinary tract infections. No intraoperative complications or in-hospital mortalities occurred. Longer hospital stays were associated with advanced age ( < 0.001), higher body mass index ( = 0.042), longer operative time ( < 0.001), and increased blood loss ( = 0.008). Of all patients, 58.5 % were followed for a median of 71.3 months with no observed recurrences. There were three non-cancer related deaths.
This initial report from Azerbaijan demonstrates acceptable perioperative outcomes for ORC in MIBC, despite the absence of robotic surgery. Our findings emphasize optimizing surgical efficiency, comorbidity management, and strengthening follow-up to enhance patient outcomes in resource-limited settings.
根治性膀胱切除术是肌层浸润性膀胱癌（MIBC）的标准治疗方法。本研究首次分析了在阿塞拜疆无法进行机器人手术的情况下开放性根治性膀胱切除术（ORC）的结果。
我们回顾性分析了2014年至2024年间由一名外科医生对106例非转移性MIBC患者进行的ORC手术，包括双侧盆腔淋巴结清扫和Bricker回肠导管重建。分析了人口统计学数据、合并症、手术指标（持续时间、失血量）、并发症、住院时间和随访数据。
该队列的平均年龄为64.2岁（男性占72.6%），常见合并症包括高血压（33%）、糖尿病（33%）和冠状动脉疾病（24.5%）。中位手术时间为300分钟，失血量为450毫升。术后并发症发生率为9.4%，主要是尿路感染。未发生术中并发症或院内死亡。住院时间较长与高龄（<0.001）、较高的体重指数（=0.042）、较长的手术时间（<0.001）和失血量增加（=0.008）有关。所有患者中，58.5%的患者接受了中位时间为71.3个月的随访，未观察到复发。有三例非癌症相关死亡。
阿塞拜疆的这份初步报告表明，尽管没有机器人手术，但MIBC患者接受ORC的围手术期结果是可以接受的。我们的研究结果强调在资源有限的环境中优化手术效率、合并症管理和加强随访以改善患者预后。
