Gargi Baby, Semwal Prabhakar, Jaiswal Durgesh Kumar, Painuli Sakshi, Trivedi Vijay Laxmi, Tripathi Vishal, Rai Nishant
Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Clement Town, Dehradun (248002), Uttarakhand, India.
Uttarakhand Council for Biotechnology (UCB), Silk Park, Prem Nagar, Dehradun (248007), Uttarakhand, India.
Food Chem X. 2025 Jul 1;29:102720. doi: 10.1016/j.fochx.2025.102720. eCollection 2025 Jul.
This study presents the first report on the volatile composition of Baker, evaluating the impact of seasonal variability and circadian rhythm on the yield and chemical composition of its essential oil. Seasonal analysis involved leaf collection during three distinct seasons (dry, transition, and rainy), while the circadian study examined oil composition at three-hour intervals from 6 AM to 6 PM. Essential oils were extracted via hydrodistillation and analyzed using GC-MS. The highest essential oil yield (1.02 %, /) was recorded in the dry season (May), while the lowest yield (0.15 %) was observed in the rainy season. Circadian analysis revealed yield variations from 0.02 % (6 AM) to 1.02 % (12 PM), with peak production at 12 PM and 3 PM. A total of 78 compounds were identified and classified into seven major groups: organosulfur compounds, fatty acids, esters, phenols, terpenoids, amines, and ketones. The abundance of organosulfur compounds has significant potential for its application in natural preservatives, flavor enhancers, antimicrobial agents, and therapeutic products. Ethylthioacetone (21.96 %), identified exclusively in the dry season, is reported for the first time in the genus. However, no significant correlation ( > 0.05) was observed between essential oil yield or composition and climatic variables. Although this study highlights the commercial relevance of the species in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries by identifying key bioactive compounds, it promotes the integration of sustainable harvesting with traditional knowledge and modern product development. Furthermore, this study provides an in-depth analysis of , highlighting its potential to contribute to the economic growth of local communities residing in the high-altitude regions of Uttarakhand, where agriculture is a primary livelihood, thereby paving the way for further research and commercial utilization.
本研究首次报道了贝克植物的挥发性成分，评估了季节变化和昼夜节律对其精油产量和化学成分的影响。季节分析涉及在三个不同季节（旱季、过渡季和雨季）采集叶片，而昼夜节律研究则在上午6点至下午6点每隔三小时检测一次油的成分。通过水蒸馏法提取精油，并使用气相色谱 - 质谱联用仪进行分析。旱季（5月）的精油产量最高（1.02%，/），而雨季的产量最低（0.15%）。昼夜节律分析显示产量在上午6点时为0.02%，到下午12点时达到1.02%，产量峰值出现在下午12点和下午3点。共鉴定出78种化合物，并分为七个主要类别：有机硫化合物、脂肪酸、酯类、酚类、萜类、胺类和酮类。有机硫化合物的丰富含量在天然防腐剂、风味增强剂、抗菌剂和治疗产品中的应用具有巨大潜力。仅在旱季鉴定出的乙硫基丙酮（21.96%），在该属植物中属首次报道。然而，未观察到精油产量或成分与气候变量之间存在显著相关性（>0.05）。尽管本研究通过鉴定关键生物活性化合物突出了该物种在食品、制药和化妆品行业的商业相关性，但它促进了可持续采收与传统知识及现代产品开发的整合。此外，本研究对……进行了深入分析，突出了其对居住在北阿坎德邦高海拔地区当地社区经济增长的贡献潜力，在该地区农业是主要生计，从而为进一步研究和商业利用铺平了道路。
