Biological Effect of Thiazole-Containing Zinc(II) Phthalocyanine on Different Sizes of Gold Nanoparticles.

This study aims to design multidisciplinary bioagents for a wide range of biological applications. The synthesis and characterization of 4,5-bis-((4-phenylthiazol-2-yl)-thio)-phthalonitrile () and its octa-substituted zinc-(II) phthalocyanine derivative () were described in this study. Additionally, gold nanoparticles were synthesized in three different sizes, including 10 nm (), 45 nm (), and 80 nm (). Macromolecule () was used for surficial functionalization of gold nanoparticles () to prepare nanoconjugates (). Antioxidant, antimicrobial, antibacterial, antibiofilm, antidiabetic, and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) cleavage activities of biocandidates (, , and ) were examined to determine the optimum size of gold nanoparticles and the effect of modifying groups on their bioactivity in this study for the first time. The highest antioxidant activities were obtained for biocandidates ( and ) at 100 mg/L. The best minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were obtained at 32 mg/L for bioagents (, , and ) against . whereas the MIC value was obtained at 32 mg/L for against . and . . Bioagents ( and ) exhibited high APDT activities (16 mg/L) against the studied microorganisms. The highest biofilm inhibition activities were obtained 94.57 and 89.28% for 50 mg/L nanoconjugate () against . and . , respectively. All the studied biocandidates inhibited 100% . viability at 50 mg/L. The antidiabetic activities of biocandidates (, , and ) were obtained between 7.52 and 100 mg/L. Bioagents (, , , and ) destroyed the DNA integrity, as well. The significant improvement in the biological activities of gold nanoparticles confirmed that new nanoconjugates especially can be considered promising medical nanomaterials after further clinical investigation.