Watson J, Mattera G, Morales R, Kunitz S J, Lynch R
J Stud Alcohol. 1985 Sep;46(5):403-11. doi: 10.15288/jsa.1985.46.403.
A survey of alcohol use among 217 Black and Haitian migrant agricultural workers was conducted in 13 camps in three counties of upstate New York. The orienting hypothesis stated that older, unattached men account for much of the drinking on migrant camps and that older, unattached men have experienced a variety of personal troubles as a result of their drinking. The results of the survey were found to support the initial hypothesis. In camps composed primarily of family groups, social control mechanisms were found to be more highly developed than in camps composed primarily of unattached, isolated men. It was also found that this difference in degree of social control was reflected in differences of drinking behavior. It is suggested that the mechanization of agriculture has become a self-reinforcing process that results in a proportional increase in the use of the homeless and troubled as a source of low-cost agricultural labor.
在纽约州北部三个县的13个营地对217名黑人和海地移民农业工人的饮酒情况进行了调查。初始假设称，年长的单身男性是移民营地饮酒现象的主要群体，且这些年长的单身男性因饮酒经历了各种个人问题。调查结果支持了最初的假设。在主要由家庭群体组成的营地中，社会控制机制比主要由单身、孤立男性组成的营地更为完善。研究还发现，这种社会控制程度的差异反映在饮酒行为的差异上。研究表明，农业机械化已成为一个自我强化的过程，导致作为低成本农业劳动力来源的无家可归者和问题人群的使用比例相应增加。
