Wu Wei, Liu Min, Zeng Qin, Tang Chenyi, Huo Jiaqi
Department of Gastroenterology and Urology Medicine, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China.
Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China.
Oncol Lett. 2025 Jul 3;30(3):423. doi: 10.3892/ol.2025.15169. eCollection 2025 Sep.
Sarcopenia, characterized by the age-related decline in muscle mass and function, especially in cancer patients, demands accurate diagnostic measures. Recent literature reflects a paradigm shift towards more accessible and diverse assessment tools. Traditional methods such as dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and bioimpedance analysis offer precise measurements but are limited by equipment availability. By contrast, calf circumference, a simple and quick measure, has emerged as a strong predictor of overall muscle mass and health outcomes, including mortality. The Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia has refined diagnostic criteria, emphasizing the universality of calf circumference across ethnicities. Imaging modalities such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging provide detailed assessments but are less accessible. Ultrasound serves as a non-invasive, portable alternative, enabling standardized muscle evaluation. Innovative self-screening tools such as the Yubi-wakka test and a simple questionnaire of sarcopenia, enhance clinical utility by identifying muscle abnormalities. The integration of these methods heralds a new era in sarcopenia diagnosis, facilitating early detection and timely intervention. The imperative for future research lies in optimizing these techniques for clinical practice and elucidating their predictive capabilities across diverse populations.
肌肉减少症的特征是肌肉质量和功能随年龄下降，尤其是癌症患者，这需要准确的诊断措施。最近的文献反映出一种向更易获取和多样的评估工具的范式转变。双能X线吸收法和生物电阻抗分析等传统方法能提供精确测量，但受设备可用性限制。相比之下，小腿围度作为一种简单快捷的测量方法，已成为总体肌肉质量和健康结局（包括死亡率）的有力预测指标。亚洲肌肉减少症工作组完善了诊断标准，强调小腿围度在不同种族中的通用性。计算机断层扫描和磁共振成像等成像方式可提供详细评估，但较难获得。超声作为一种非侵入性、便携的替代方法，可实现标准化的肌肉评估。创新的自我筛查工具，如Yubi-wakka测试和一份简单的肌肉减少症问卷，通过识别肌肉异常提高了临床实用性。这些方法的整合预示着肌肉减少症诊断的新时代，有助于早期发现和及时干预。未来研究的当务之急在于为临床实践优化这些技术，并阐明它们在不同人群中的预测能力。
