Rzepka-Marot Irja, Gebhardt Nadja, Nowak Jonathan, Bruns Bastian, Friederich Hans-Christoph, Nikendei Christoph
Department of General Internal Medicine and Psychosomatics, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany.
Deutsches Zentrum für Psychische Gesundheit, DZPG (German Centre for Mental Health - Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim/Ulm), Germany.
Glob Ment Health (Camb). 2025 Jun 23;12:e73. doi: 10.1017/gmh.2025.10028. eCollection 2025.
Refugees and forced migrants are particularly susceptible to trauma-related disorders, due exposure to traumatic events before, during or after displacement. In trauma therapy, the concept of psychological stabilization refers to the improvement of a patient's capacity to manage symptoms and emotions associated with traumatic experiences. While exposure-based therapies are widely recommended for treating posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), stabilizing interventions may offer a valuable alternative, particularly given the unique challenges in refugee care. This scoping review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of stabilizing, non exposure-based interventions for traumatized refugees A systematic search identified 31 relevant studies featuring diverse interventions, settings, and outcomes. Most studies showed a significant reduction in PTSD symptoms compared to waitlist (six studies), treatment as usual (three studies) and pre-post analyses (nine studies), though nine studies found no difference between intervention and comparison group. Notably, two studies found the stabilizing approach less effective than the comparison group, and two reported no symptom reduction in pre-post analysis. Heterogenity among the examined interventions as well as living conditions was high and limited the generizability of the results. Further studies should take these environmental factors into consideration.
难民和被迫移民特别容易患与创伤相关的疾病，这是由于他们在流离失所之前、期间或之后接触到创伤性事件。在创伤治疗中，心理稳定的概念是指提高患者管理与创伤经历相关的症状和情绪的能力。虽然基于暴露的疗法被广泛推荐用于治疗创伤后应激障碍（PTSD），但稳定化干预可能提供一种有价值的替代方法，特别是考虑到难民护理中面临的独特挑战。本综述旨在全面概述针对受创伤难民的非基于暴露的稳定化干预措施。一项系统检索确定了31项相关研究，这些研究具有不同的干预措施、环境和结果。大多数研究表明，与等待名单组（6项研究）、常规治疗组（3项研究）和前后分析（9项研究）相比，创伤后应激障碍症状有显著减轻，不过有9项研究发现干预组和对照组之间没有差异。值得注意的是，有2项研究发现稳定化方法比对照组效果差，还有2项研究在前后分析中报告症状没有减轻。所研究的干预措施以及生活条件之间的异质性很高，限制了结果的可推广性。进一步的研究应考虑这些环境因素。
