Memon Sara Khalid, Hameed Faiza, Dal Nawaz A, Qureshi Mahak W, Laghari Qambar A
Department of Surgery, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro, PAK.
Cureus. 2025 Jun 17;17(6):e86249. doi: 10.7759/cureus.86249. eCollection 2025 Jun.
Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate the various clinicopathological characteristics of breast cancer patients presenting at the Department of Surgery at Liaquat University Hospital, Jamshoro. Study design and setting A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted at the Department of Surgery, Liaquat University Hospital, Jamshoro, Pakistan, from 1 November 2024 to 30 April 2025. Methodology With a population size of around 150 patients, a margin of error of 10%, and a CI of 99%, 79 patients were asked to fill out a structured questionnaire using a consecutive sampling technique. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). The frequency of various clinicopathological characteristics was measured using descriptive analytics. Results A total of 79 patients were included, with a mean age of 41.94±10.85. Most women were married for more than 20 years and have breastfed their children for more than 2 years. Also, most of the patients had early menarche. The average size of the tumor was 2.08 cm, with the most common occurrence being in the upper outer quadrant (64.46%). Out of 79 patients, 36 (45.6%) had nipple retraction and 71 (89.9%) had palpable axillary lymph nodes. Metastatic disease was seen in 7 out of 79 (8.9%) patients. Among pathological parameters, 72 (91.1%) patients had intraductal carcinoma, and 50 out of 79 (63.3%) patients had a pathological grade III tumor. The majority of patients, 28 (35.4%), had estrogen receptor (ER)/progesterone receptor (PR)-positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/neu)-negative disease, whereas the second common presentation is of triple negative (ER, PR, HER2/neu) tumors, observed in 15 (19%) patients. Conclusion This study highlights the clinical and pathological parameters of breast cancer disease in patient presenting in this region of Pakistan. This will help us in developing the guidelines regarding risk factors, clinical signs, and hormonal clues present in breast cancer patients in the area of Pakistan for early diagnosis and management of breast cancer disease.
目的 本研究的目的是评估在贾姆肖罗利亚卡特大学医院外科就诊的乳腺癌患者的各种临床病理特征。
研究设计与背景 在巴基斯坦贾姆肖罗利亚卡特大学医院外科进行了一项横断面分析研究，时间为2024年11月1日至2025年4月30日。
方法 以约150名患者为总体规模，误差幅度为10%，置信区间为99%，采用连续抽样技术让79名患者填写一份结构化问卷。使用SPSS 16版（美国伊利诺伊州芝加哥市SPSS公司）对数据进行分析。使用描述性分析来测量各种临床病理特征的频率。
结果 共纳入79名患者，平均年龄为41.94±10.85岁。大多数女性结婚超过20年，且哺乳孩子超过2年。此外，大多数患者初潮早。肿瘤平均大小为2.08 cm，最常见于外上象限（64.46%）。79名患者中，36名（45.6%）有乳头凹陷，71名（89.9%）可触及腋窝淋巴结。79名患者中有7名（8.9%）出现转移性疾病。在病理参数方面，72名（91.1%）患者患有导管内癌，79名患者中有50名（63.3%）患有病理III级肿瘤。大多数患者，即28名（35.4%），患有雌激素受体（ER）/孕激素受体（PR）阳性且人表皮生长因子受体2（HER2/neu）阴性疾病，而第二常见的表现是三阴性（ER、PR、HER2/neu）肿瘤，在15名（19%）患者中观察到。
结论 本研究突出了巴基斯坦该地区就诊患者乳腺癌疾病的临床和病理参数。这将有助于我们制定关于巴基斯坦该地区乳腺癌患者存在 的危险因素、临床体征和激素线索的指南，以实现乳腺癌疾病的早期诊断和管理。
