Liu Shasha, Fan Xiaomei, Jiang Li, Liu Tao
Anesthesia and Surgery Center of Chengdu BOE Hospital, Chengdu BOE Hospital, Chengdu, China.
First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China.
Front Nutr. 2025 Jul 7;12:1578836. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1578836. eCollection 2025.
To investigate the factors influencing nutritional literacy among rural elderly individuals in northern Sichuan based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB).
A convenience sampling method was employed to recruit 311 elderly participants (aged ≥60 years) from Sanlin Village (Cangxi County, Guangyuan City), Puji Village (Yilong County, Nanchong City), and Luhua Village (Bazhou District, Bazhong City). The survey instruments included general demographic questionnaires, the nutrition attitude scale (NAS), the multidimensional scale of perceived social support (MSPSS), the instrumental activities of daily living scale (IADLS), the general self-efficacy scale (GSES), and the nutrition literacy questionnaire for the Chinese elderly (NLQ-E). Data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 23.0.
Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that education level positively predicted nutritional literacy (β = 0.126, = 2.659, < 0.01), while denture use due to tooth damage negatively predicted nutritional literacy (β = -0.077, = -2.375, < 0.05). Nutrition attitude (β = 0.312, = 6.662, < 0.001) and perceived social support (β = 0.243, = 4.283, < 0.001) were positive predictors, whereas daily living ability exhibited a negative predictive effect (β = -0.251, = -4.445, < 0.001). Structural equation modeling (SEM) indicated that nutrition attitude had a direct effect of 0.333 and an indirect effect of 0.050 on nutritional literacy. Daily living ability showed a direct effect of -0.481 and an indirect effect of -0.101. Self-efficacy partially mediated the relationships between nutrition attitude and nutritional literacy, as well as between daily living ability and nutritional literacy.
Elderly individuals in northern Sichuan with more positive nutrition attitudes, higher perceived social support, and stronger daily living abilities demonstrated higher nutritional literacy. Self-efficacy partially mediated the influence of nutrition attitude and daily living ability on nutritional literacy.
基于计划行为理论（TPB），探讨影响川北农村老年人营养素养的因素。
采用便利抽样法，从广元市苍溪县三林村、南充市仪陇县普济村和巴中市巴州区芦华村招募311名老年参与者（年龄≥60岁）。调查工具包括一般人口学问卷、营养态度量表（NAS）、多维感知社会支持量表（MSPSS）、日常生活活动能力量表（IADLS）、一般自我效能量表（GSES）以及中国老年人营养素养问卷（NLQ-E）。使用SPSS 26.0和AMOS 23.0对数据进行分析。
层次回归分析显示，教育水平对营养素养有正向预测作用（β = 0.126，t = 2.659，p < 0.01），而因牙齿损坏使用假牙对营养素养有负向预测作用（β = -0.077，t = -2.375，p < 0.05）。营养态度（β = 0.312，t = 6.662，p < 0.001）和感知社会支持（β = 0.243，t = 4.283，p < 0.001）是正向预测因素，而日常生活能力表现出负向预测作用（β = -0.251，t = -4.445，p < 0.001）。结构方程模型（SEM）表明，营养态度对营养素养的直接效应为0.333，间接效应为0.050。日常生活能力的直接效应为 -0.481，间接效应为 -0.101。自我效能在营养态度与营养素养之间以及日常生活能力与营养素养之间的关系中起部分中介作用。
营养态度更积极、感知社会支持更高且日常生活能力更强的川北老年人营养素养更高。自我效能在营养态度和日常生活能力对营养素养的影响中起部分中介作用。
