Kadier Aibibula, Ablimit Mihray, Tursun Hebibulla, Ablat Nuramatjan
College of Marxism, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, China.
Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Shache County Dunbag Township Health Center, Xinjiang, China.
Front Pharmacol. 2025 Jul 7;16:1589275. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1589275. eCollection 2025.
The globalization of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has facilitated its integration into healthcare systems beyond China, particularly in cross-Asia countries such as Japan, Korea, and Vietnam, while influencing biomedical practices worldwide. This review explores the cultural, historical, and scientific dimensions of TCM's transmission, focusing on how its foundational theories (e.g., Yin-Yang, Qi-Blood, and Five Elements) and practices (e.g., acupuncture, herbal formulations) have been adapted and validated in diverse sociocultural contexts. We analysed primary literature from data collected by PubMed, Google Scholar, CNKI, Web of Science, Bing, Baidu, and Scopus (1990-2024). Our review critically evaluates the scientific evidence supporting TCM-derived bioactive metabolites like artemisinin from Artemisia annua L. [Asteraceae] and berberine from Coptis chinensis Franch. [Ranunculaceae], examining their concentrations, bioavailability, and clinical applications. Challenges such as standardization, intellectual property disputes, and cultural reinterpretation are critically evaluated. This paper systematically argues that TCM's cross-cultural transmission reflects a dynamic interplay between tradition and modern biomedicine, offering a model for integrating traditional knowledge into global healthcare while highlighting the limitations of current research and areas requiring further investigation.
中医的全球化促进了其融入中国以外的医疗保健系统，尤其是在日本、韩国和越南等亚洲国家，同时也影响着全球的生物医学实践。本综述探讨了中医传播的文化、历史和科学层面，重点关注其基础理论（如阴阳、气血和五行）及实践（如针灸、中药配方）如何在不同的社会文化背景中得到调整和验证。我们分析了来自PubMed、谷歌学术、中国知网、科学网、必应、百度和Scopus（1990 - 2024年）收集的数据中的原始文献。我们的综述批判性地评估了支持源自中医的生物活性代谢物的科学证据，如来自菊科植物黄花蒿的青蒿素和来自毛茛科植物黄连的黄连素，研究了它们的浓度、生物利用度和临床应用。对标准化、知识产权纠纷和文化重新诠释等挑战进行了批判性评估。本文系统地论证了中医的跨文化传播反映了传统与现代生物医学之间的动态相互作用，为将传统知识融入全球医疗保健提供了一个模式，同时突出了当前研究的局限性以及需要进一步研究的领域。
