Çadırcı Kenan, Bayrak Muharrem, Lazoğlu Özkaya Alev, Yılmaz Gamze Nur, Pak Nur, Karahan Büşra, Kiziltunc Ozmen Hilal
Department of Internal Medicine, Erzurum Faculty of Medicine, Health Sciences University, Erzurum, Türkiye.
Department of Biochemistry, Erzurum Faculty of Medicine, Health Sciences University, Erzurum, Türkiye.
Biomol Biomed. 2025 Jul 22;25(12):2766-2775. doi: 10.17305/bb.2025.12632.
Cognitive impairment is an increasingly common complication of diabetes, yet its underlying pathophysiological mechanisms remain poorly understood. Neuronal pentraxin 2 (NPTX2), a recently identified synaptic biomarker linked to cognitive disorders, has not previously been examined in relation to cognitive function in geriatric individuals with diabetes. This cross-sectional study enrolled 90 participants-46 geriatric patients with diabetes and 44 age-matched non-diabetic controls. Demographic and clinical data were collected for all participants. After informed consent, cognitive function was assessed with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Serum NPTX2 levels were measured by ELISA. No significant differences were found between the diabetic and control groups in age, sex, education level, marital status, smoking history, comorbid conditions, or polypharmacy. However, the groups differed significantly in MoCA scores (p < 0.001), MMSE scores (p = 0.028), and NPTX2 levels (p = 0.048); the diabetic group showed lower cognitive scores and biomarker levels. NPTX2 levels correlated positively with MoCA and MMSE scores and negatively with diabetes duration, patient age, and the presence of microvascular complications. In conclusion, cognitive function was significantly lower in geriatric patients with diabetes than in controls, and serum NPTX2 levels were significantly associated with cognitive performance. These findings suggest a possible role for NPTX2 in diabetes-related cognitive decline and support further investigation of its utility within a broader biomarker panel.
认知障碍是糖尿病越来越常见的并发症，但其潜在的病理生理机制仍知之甚少。神经元五聚体蛋白2（NPTX2）是最近发现的一种与认知障碍相关的突触生物标志物，此前尚未在老年糖尿病患者的认知功能方面进行研究。这项横断面研究招募了90名参与者——46名老年糖尿病患者和44名年龄匹配的非糖尿病对照组。收集了所有参与者的人口统计学和临床数据。在获得知情同意后，使用蒙特利尔认知评估量表（MoCA）和简易精神状态检查表（MMSE）对认知功能进行评估。通过酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）测量血清NPTX2水平。糖尿病组和对照组在年龄、性别、教育水平、婚姻状况、吸烟史、合并症或联合用药方面均未发现显著差异。然而，两组在MoCA评分（p<0.001）、MMSE评分（p=0.028）和NPTX2水平（p=0.048）上存在显著差异；糖尿病组的认知评分和生物标志物水平较低。NPTX2水平与MoCA和MMSE评分呈正相关，与糖尿病病程、患者年龄和微血管并发症的存在呈负相关。总之，老年糖尿病患者的认知功能明显低于对照组，血清NPTX2水平与认知表现显著相关。这些发现表明NPTX2在糖尿病相关认知衰退中可能发挥作用，并支持在更广泛的生物标志物组中进一步研究其效用。
