Daelemans Céline, Bonapart Casper, Smit Adriana Leni, Stegeman Inge
Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Faculté de biologie et médecine, Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
PLoS One. 2025 Jul 22;20(7):e0315986. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0315986. eCollection 2025.
BACKGROUND: Excessively loud music is frequently played at leisure activities, posing significant health risks. However, the lack of consensus on consumers' preferred music settings makes it difficult to implement preventive measures against high noise levels. Therefore, our objective is to systematically evaluate how different musical characteristics influence the experiences and behaviors of individuals engaged in leisure activities. METHODS: We conducted a search for studies examining the effects of musical characteristics on individuals at leisure activities where the musical experience is of primary focus. The search was performed using the Medline Pubmed, Embase Elsevier, Cochrane, PsychInfo, and ClinicalTrial.gov databases. The exclusion criteria included: leisure activities related to sports, studies evaluating music as a treatment, lab settings, case studies, and participants below 15 years old. The NOS, RoB2, and ROBINS-I tools were used to assess risk of bias. Results relevant to our outcomes of interest were extracted and summarized in tables. RESULTS: We identified 2503 studies, of which 37 studies were included for data extraction. The total number of participants in this systematic review was 16843. Among the 37 studies, 23 were observational with the remainder being experimental control trials. Risk of bias in the studies was high. Our findings indicate that musical characteristics such as low frequencies, high groove, high tempo, and live performance enhanced participants' movements and emotions. Excessively high levels, such as those found in nightclubs, were deemed unnecessary by those exposed. These extreme volumes also caused discomfort and posed a risk to hearing health. INTERPRETATION: The high risk of bias makes it difficult to draw conclusions based on the data in this systematic review. Therefore, and in order to inform policy makers, we need adequate randomized controlled trials in order to assess the effects of different levels of loudness on music experience. Registration: PROSPERO registration: CRD42023412634.
背景：在休闲活动中经常播放音量过大的音乐，会带来重大健康风险。然而，对于消费者偏好的音乐设置缺乏共识，这使得针对高噪音水平采取预防措施变得困难。因此，我们的目标是系统地评估不同音乐特征如何影响参与休闲活动的个体的体验和行为。 方法：我们搜索了研究音乐特征对以音乐体验为主要关注点的休闲活动中的个体影响的研究。搜索使用了Medline Pubmed、Embase Elsevier、Cochrane、PsychInfo和ClinicalTrial.gov数据库。排除标准包括：与体育相关的休闲活动、将音乐作为一种治疗方法进行评估的研究、实验室环境、案例研究以及15岁以下的参与者。使用NOS、RoB2和ROBINS-I工具评估偏倚风险。提取与我们感兴趣的结果相关的结果并汇总在表格中。 结果：我们识别出2503项研究，其中37项研究被纳入数据提取。本系统评价的参与者总数为16843人。在这37项研究中，23项为观察性研究，其余为实验对照试验。这些研究中的偏倚风险很高。我们的研究结果表明，低频、高节奏感、高节奏和现场表演等音乐特征增强了参与者的动作和情绪。过高的音量，如在夜总会中发现的音量，被接触者认为是不必要的。这些极端音量也会引起不适并对听力健康构成风险。 解读：偏倚风险高使得难以根据本系统评价中的数据得出结论。因此，为了为政策制定者提供信息，我们需要进行充分的随机对照试验，以评估不同响度水平对音乐体验的影响。注册情况：PROSPERO注册编号：CRD42023412634。
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