Shah Rajvi, Gandhi Jimil, Shah Monit, Tiwari Prerna, Chaudhary Bharat, Shah Vidhi
K. B. Raval College of Pharmacy, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India.
L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
J Microencapsul. 2025 Nov;42(7):660-681. doi: 10.1080/02652048.2025.2531778. Epub 2025 Jul 22.
Nanoemulsion (NE) is a kinetically stable dispersion comprising oil and water stabilised by an emulsifier, having a droplet size of around 20-200 nm. NE offers versatile formulations for lipophilic and hydrophilic drugs by increasing their solubility and permeability thereby improving their bioavailability. Various high energy and low energy techniques such as the phase pH inversion method, solvent diffusion method, and membrane emulsification method are reported to develop NE. The selection of method is crucial, thus a comparison of different methods in terms of droplet size and stability has been provided. This review emphasises the topical application of NE for various skin ailments like psoriasis, skin infection, cancer, wound healing, and many others. This review highlights the advancement in the NE formulation using ionic liquids and nanoparticles, as well as stimuli-responsive and pickering NE. The approaches to overcome the toxicity concern of NE and its constituents specifically surfactant has been discussed.
纳米乳剂（NE）是一种动力学稳定的分散体，由油和水组成，通过乳化剂稳定，液滴尺寸约为20-200纳米。纳米乳剂通过增加亲脂性和亲水性药物的溶解度和渗透性，为其提供了多种剂型，从而提高了它们的生物利用度。据报道，各种高能和低能技术，如相pH反转法、溶剂扩散法和膜乳化法，可用于制备纳米乳剂。方法的选择至关重要，因此本文对不同方法在液滴尺寸和稳定性方面进行了比较。本综述重点介绍了纳米乳剂在治疗各种皮肤疾病，如银屑病、皮肤感染、癌症、伤口愈合等方面的局部应用。本综述强调了使用离子液体和纳米颗粒的纳米乳剂配方的进展，以及刺激响应型和皮克林纳米乳剂。本文还讨论了克服纳米乳剂及其成分（特别是表面活性剂）毒性问题的方法。
