Tonga Gülşah, Hatırlı Hüseyin, Bahar Kübra
Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, 60030, Türkiye.
BMC Oral Health. 2025 Jul 22;25(1):1231. doi: 10.1186/s12903-025-06617-8.
This study aimed to evaluate the immediate and 6-month dentin micro-tensile bond strength (µTBS) of three universal adhesives applied using different double-layer application techniques.
Sixty-five human molar teeth were divided into 13 groups (n = 5) based on adhesive systems and application procedures. Three universal adhesives (G-Premio Bond, GC Corp.; GP, OptiBond Universal, Kerr; OB and Single Bond Universal, 3 M ESPE; SB) and a two-step self-etch adhesive (Clearfil SE Bond, Kuraray Noritake Dental; CSE) were tested. Universal adhesives were applied according to the manufacturer's instructions-(SL-MI) or three different double-layer application procedures: (1) the first adhesive layer was applied without either air thinning or light curing-(DL1), (2) air thinning without light curing the first layer-(DL2), (3) with air thinning and polymerisation each layer-(DL3). The two-step self-etch group was applied according to the manufacturer's instructions. µTBS was measured immediately, after 3 months and 6 months of water storage. Statistical analyses were conducted using Three-Way ANOVA (p< 0.05).
For the immediate and 3-month water storage of SB and GP, the highest µTBS values were observed in Group DL2, while for OB, Group DL3 exhibited the highest µTBS values (p< 0.05). After 6 months of water storage, differences among the application procedures were not significant for GP and OB (p> 0.05). The two-step self-etch system demonstrated higher µTBS than all universal adhesive systems at all test periods (p< 0.05).
The application of universal adhesives in two layers, particularly by thinning the first layer with air and polymerising after the second layer, positively affects immediate and 3-month µTBS. However, the benefits of double-layer application on 6-month µTBS appear to be material dependent.
本研究旨在评估使用不同双层应用技术应用的三种通用粘合剂的即时和6个月牙本质微拉伸粘结强度（µTBS）。
根据粘合剂系统和应用程序，将65颗人磨牙分为13组（n = 5）。测试了三种通用粘合剂（G-Premio Bond，GC公司；GP，OptiBond Universal，Kerr公司；OB和Single Bond Universal，3M ESPE公司；SB）和一种两步自酸蚀粘合剂（Clearfil SE Bond，可乐丽诺瑞特牙科公司；CSE）。通用粘合剂按照制造商的说明应用 - （SL-MI）或三种不同的双层应用程序：（1）第一层粘合剂应用时既不进行空气稀释也不进行光固化 - （DL1），（2）第一层进行空气稀释但不进行光固化 - （DL2），（3）每层都进行空气稀释和聚合 - （DL3）。两步自酸蚀组按照制造商的说明应用。在水储存0个月、3个月和6个月后立即测量µTBS。使用三因素方差分析进行统计分析（p < 0.05）。
对于SB和GP在即时和3个月水储存时，DL2组观察到最高的µTBS值，而对于OB，DL3组表现出最高的µTBS值（p < 0.05）。水储存6个月后，GP和OB的应用程序之间的差异不显著（p > 0.05）。在所有测试时间段，两步自酸蚀系统显示出比所有通用粘合剂系统更高的µTBS（p < 0.05）。
通用粘合剂的双层应用，特别是通过用空气稀释第一层并在第二层后聚合，对即时和3个月的µTBS有积极影响。然而，双层应用对6个月µTBS的益处似乎取决于材料。
