Chen Linanni, Luo Xinying, Zhang Jiankang, Zhang Jinwen, Yang Chunting, Zhao Yunqi
College of Science, Mathematics and Technology, Wenzhou-Kean University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory for Applied Biomedical and Biopharmaceutical Informatics, Wenzhou-Kean University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
Drug Des Devel Ther. 2025 Jul 18;19:6125-6143. doi: 10.2147/DDDT.S530999. eCollection 2025.
Cancer nanomedicine holds transformative potential, but its clinical translation remains hindered by the lack of preclinical models that accurately mimic human tumor complexity. Conventional approaches often overlook the dynamic tumor microenvironment (TME) and interpatient variability, leading to unreliable predictions of nanodrug behavior. Here, we present tumor organoids as a transformative solution. These three-dimensional cultures retain the original tumor's architecture, molecular profiles, and TME interactions. Through concrete examples spanning pancreatic, breast, and glioblastoma cancers, we showcase how organoids reliably evaluate nanodrug delivery efficiency, therapeutic effects, and safety profiles. In addition, the establishment of large-scale organoid biobanks further facilitates rapid drug screening and tailored treatment strategies, significantly improving preclinical success rates. Therefore, the organoid-driven paradigm not only overcomes long-standing challenges in tumor modeling but also paves a faster, more reliable path toward clinically effective nanotherapies.
癌症纳米医学具有变革潜力，但其临床转化仍因缺乏能准确模拟人类肿瘤复杂性的临床前模型而受阻。传统方法往往忽视动态的肿瘤微环境（TME）和患者间的变异性，导致对纳米药物行为的预测不可靠。在此，我们提出肿瘤类器官作为一种变革性解决方案。这些三维培养物保留了原始肿瘤的结构、分子特征以及与TME的相互作用。通过涵盖胰腺癌、乳腺癌和胶质母细胞瘤的具体实例，我们展示了类器官如何可靠地评估纳米药物的递送效率、治疗效果和安全性。此外，大规模类器官生物样本库的建立进一步促进了快速药物筛选和个性化治疗策略，显著提高了临床前成功率。因此，类器官驱动的模式不仅克服了肿瘤建模中长期存在的挑战，还为临床有效的纳米疗法铺平了一条更快、更可靠的道路。
