不同频率的触须垫刺激揭示了清醒大鼠感觉系统功能磁共振成像信号的非均匀调制。

Whisker pad stimulation with different frequencies reveals non-uniform modulation of functional MRI signal across sensory systems in awake rats.

作者信息

Paasonen Jaakko, Valjakka Juha S, Salo Raimo A, Paasonen Ekaterina, Tanila Heikki, Michaeli Shalom, Mangia Silvia, Gröhn Olli

机构信息

A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Neulaniementie 2, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland.

Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, 2021 Sixth Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States.

出版信息

Cereb Cortex. 2025 Jul 1;35(7). doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhaf194.

Abstract

Primary sensory systems are traditionally considered separate units, but emerging evidence highlights notable interactions between them. Using a quiet and motion-tolerant zero-echo time functional magnetic resonance imaging technique, we examined brain-wide cross-sensory responses to whisker pad stimulation in awake and anesthetized rats. Our results indicate that whisker pad stimulation activated not only the whisker-mediated tactile system, but also auditory, visual, high-order, and cerebellar regions, demonstrating brain-wide cross-sensory and associative activity. Based on response characteristics, non-core regions responded to stimulation in a markedly different way compared to the primary sensory system, likely reflecting distinct encoding modes among primary sensory, cross-sensory, and integrative processing. Lastly, while low-order sensory activity was detectable under anesthesia, high-order processing and the complex differences between primary, cross-sensory, and associative systems were evident only in the awake state. This study reveals novel aspects of the cross-sensory interplay of the whisker-mediated tactile system and underscores the challenges of observing these phenomena in anesthetized rats.

摘要

传统上,初级感觉系统被视为独立的单元,但新出现的证据凸显了它们之间显著的相互作用。我们使用一种安静且耐运动的零回波时间功能磁共振成像技术,研究了清醒和麻醉大鼠对触须垫刺激的全脑跨感觉反应。我们的结果表明,触须垫刺激不仅激活了触须介导的触觉系统,还激活了听觉、视觉、高阶和小脑区域,显示出全脑的跨感觉和关联活动。根据反应特征,与初级感觉系统相比,非核心区域对刺激的反应方式明显不同,这可能反映了初级感觉、跨感觉和整合处理之间不同的编码模式。最后,虽然在麻醉状态下可检测到低阶感觉活动,但高阶处理以及初级、跨感觉和关联系统之间的复杂差异仅在清醒状态下才明显。这项研究揭示了触须介导的触觉系统跨感觉相互作用的新方面,并强调了在麻醉大鼠中观察这些现象的挑战。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/15f6/12284883/80d67902077c/bhaf194f1.jpg

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