Meier Eliane Seraina, Indermaur Alexander, Knop Eva
Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, Reckenholzstrasse 191, CH-8046 Zürich, Switzerland.
Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland.
Sci Adv. 2025 Jul 25;11(30):eadt9564. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adt9564. Epub 2025 Jul 23.
Human-induced global change may cause the sixth mass extinction of species. The moderate success of patch-scale biodiversity conservation measures has led to the concept of creating biodiversity-friendly landscapes. However, these landscapes potentially present a paradox: They may increase local biodiversity and thereby strengthen biotic resistance of native communities to global change winners, i.e., species that thrive under global change, such as invasive alien species or temperature- or nutrient-tolerant species. However, they may also improve landscape-scale habitat conditions, such as habitat connectivity, which facilitates the dispersal of global change winners, thereby accelerating biodiversity loss. Despite increasing investment in biodiversity-friendly landscapes, this paradox and underlying processes remain largely unquantified. We analyzed 2050 repeated, systematic vegetation surveys across the Swiss farmland and found the hypothesized facilitating and inhibitory effects on global change winners, but, overall, the inhibitory effects were stronger. This supports the call for a shift from patch-scale conservation to landscape-wide strategies to stop the ongoing decline of farmland biodiversity.
人为引起的全球变化可能导致物种的第六次大灭绝。斑块尺度生物多样性保护措施取得了一定成效，由此产生了创建有利于生物多样性的景观这一概念。然而，这些景观可能存在一个悖论：它们可能增加当地生物多样性，从而增强本地群落对全球变化中的赢家（即在全球变化中茁壮成长的物种，如外来入侵物种或耐温或耐养分物种）的生物抗性。然而，它们也可能改善景观尺度的栖息地条件，如栖息地连通性，这有利于全球变化中的赢家扩散，从而加速生物多样性丧失。尽管对有利于生物多样性的景观的投资不断增加，但这一悖论及潜在过程在很大程度上仍未得到量化。我们分析了瑞士农田2050次重复的系统植被调查，发现了对全球变化中的赢家的假设促进和抑制作用，但总体而言，抑制作用更强。这支持了将保护重点从斑块尺度转向景观尺度策略的呼吁，以阻止农田生物多样性持续下降。
