Zhang Zhenyu, Yang Wenhao, Yuan Tingting, Li Yu, Zhao Qian, Dong Yan
College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.
Plant Dis. 2025 Jul;109(7):1551-1562. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-05-24-1128-RE. Epub 2025 Jul 23.
The allelopathic compounds in the soil can be accumulated through the continuous cultivation of faba bean, intensifying the soilborne disease advancement. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the photosynthesis-related mechanisms by which benzoic acid, an allelopathic compound, promotes faba bean Fusarium wilt () development. The sample plants were treated with and without and exposed to varying concentrations of benzoic acid. The effects on seedling growth, Fusarium wilt occurrence, nutrient absorption, photosynthetic pigments, chlorophyll fluorescence, photosynthetic enzyme activities, photosynthetic assimilates, and the levels of pathogenesis-related (PR) gene expression were explored. Compared with the control, inoculation substantially decreased the leaf growth and increased the Fusarium wilt instances. Different from the -alone treatment, the treatment of benzoic acid and decreased the zinc, magnesium, manganese, iron, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, and total potassium in roots and leaves; reduced carotenoid, chlorophyll a, and chlorophyll b levels; decreased the quantum yield and photochemical quenching coefficient of PSII; increased the non-photochemical quenching coefficient; reduced the activities of H-ATPase, ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, sucrose synthase, and activator; increased starch content; decreased soluble sugar and sucrose levels; and upregulated , , and in leaves. Additionally, benzoic acid and treatment further reduced leaf growth and increased Fusarium wilt occurrence in faba bean. The investigation indicated that benzoic acid exacerbated the Fusarium wilt development and inhibited faba bean growth by reducing mineral nutrient absorption and impairing photosynthesis. This research might provide more information and enhance our understanding of plant soilborne disease in agriculture.
土壤中的化感物质可通过蚕豆的连续种植而积累，加剧土传病害的发展。在本研究中，我们旨在阐明化感物质苯甲酸促进蚕豆枯萎病发展的光合作用相关机制。对样本植株进行接种或不接种处理，并使其暴露于不同浓度的苯甲酸中。探究其对幼苗生长、枯萎病发生、养分吸收、光合色素、叶绿素荧光、光合酶活性、光合同化物以及病程相关（PR）基因表达水平的影响。与对照相比，接种显著降低了叶片生长并增加了枯萎病发生实例。与单独接种处理不同，苯甲酸和接种处理降低了根和叶中的锌、镁、锰、铁、总磷、总氮和总钾含量；降低了类胡萝卜素、叶绿素a和叶绿素b水平；降低了PSII的量子产额和光化学猝灭系数；增加了非光化学猝灭系数；降低了H-ATP酶、核酮糖二磷酸羧化酶、果糖-1,6-二磷酸酶、蔗糖合酶和活化剂的活性；增加了淀粉含量；降低了可溶性糖和蔗糖水平；并上调了叶片中的、和。此外，苯甲酸和处理进一步降低了蚕豆的叶片生长并增加了枯萎病的发生。调查表明，苯甲酸通过减少矿质养分吸收和损害光合作用加剧了枯萎病的发展并抑制了蚕豆生长。本研究可能提供更多信息并增进我们对农业中植物土传病害的理解。
