Feng Tianqi, Ceroni Ludovica, Tromp Lisa Eveline, Siebenmorgen Clio, Casalini Stefano, Menna Enzo, van Rijn Patrick
University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Deusinglaan 1, Groningen, 9713 AV, The Netherlands.
Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padua & INSTM, Via Marzolo 1, Padova, 35131, Italy.
Small. 2025 Sep;21(35):e2504992. doi: 10.1002/smll.202504992. Epub 2025 Jul 24.
Skeletal muscle engineering utilizing bio-activators and myogenic cells to regenerate tissues for volumetric muscle loss offers a promising alternative to tissue grafts. Modified biointerfaces with aligned micro-scale topography and electroconductivity are critical for directing cellular behavior toward functional muscle constructs. This study modified polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) with aligned surface topography and functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fCNTs), creating a conductive scaffold (0.11 µScm vs original 0.51 nScm) with regulated hydrophilicity (76 ± 2° vs original 50 ± 10° in water contact angle) and enhanced protein absorption. The fCNT-wrinkled surfaces maintained >90% cell viability while promoting aligned myotube formation. Specifically, fCNT integration with aligned topography increased myotube length from 303.74 ± 27.61 µm to 441.63 ± 10.27 µm and elevated fusion index to 40.43% ± 2.67% within three differentiation days. Immunostaining confirmed enhanced myogenic maturation through improved cell alignment and nuclei organization. These biophysical modifications synergistically accelerated myoblast differentiation while maintaining cytocompatibility by combining electrical conductivity, optimized wettability, and directional cues. The demonstrated capacity to physiologically mimic native muscle microenvironments highlights this strategy's potential for improving muscle regeneration therapies through precise control of surface-electrotopographical properties.
利用生物激活剂和成肌细胞进行骨骼肌工程以再生组织用于大面积肌肉损失，为组织移植提供了一种有前景的替代方案。具有排列整齐的微观尺度形貌和导电性的改良生物界面对于引导细胞行为形成功能性肌肉构建体至关重要。本研究用排列整齐的表面形貌和功能化多壁碳纳米管（fCNT）对聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）进行改性，创建了一种导电支架（0.11 μS/cm，而原始的为0.51 nS/cm），其亲水性得到调节（水接触角为76±2°，而原始的为50±10°），且蛋白质吸收增强。fCNT褶皱表面保持>90%的细胞活力，同时促进排列整齐的肌管形成。具体而言，fCNT与排列整齐的形貌相结合，在三天的分化期内，使肌管长度从303.74±27.61μm增加到441.63±10.27μm，并将融合指数提高到40.43%±2.67%。免疫染色证实通过改善细胞排列和细胞核组织增强了成肌成熟。这些生物物理修饰通过结合导电性、优化的润湿性和定向线索，协同加速了成肌细胞分化，同时保持了细胞相容性。所展示的生理模拟天然肌肉微环境的能力突出了该策略通过精确控制表面电拓扑特性改善肌肉再生治疗的潜力。
