Vannozzi Lorenzo, Pucci Carlotta, Trucco Diego, Turini Claudia, Sevim Semih, Pané Salvador, Ricotti Leonardo
The BioRobotics Institute Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33 56127 Pisa Italy.
Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33 56127 Pisa Italy.
Small Sci. 2025 Jan 28;5(4):2400439. doi: 10.1002/smsc.202400439. eCollection 2025 Apr.
Piezoelectric micro- and nanomaterials can generate local electrical signals when subjected to mechanical stress, a phenomenon that can be exploited to trigger beneficial effects at the cell and tissue level. In recent years, research on biodegradable piezoelectric material has gained momentum, as these materials can degrade after fulfilling their function. Thus, they promise to considerably impact regenerative medicine, targeted therapy, and microrobotics, with better chances to match regulatory requirements with respect to their nondegradable counterparts. This review offers a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in biodegradable piezoelectric micro- and nanomaterials, focusing on their piezoelectric mechanisms, material types, and methods to enhance their properties. Current characterization techniques, emphasizing both piezoelectricity and biodegradability at the micro/nano scale, are also discussed. Furthermore, it is discussed how to use these materials in intelligent platforms for regenerative medicine and responsive drug delivery systems. The application of piezoelectric micro- and nanomaterials in microrobotics is also examined, particularly their potential for minimally invasive procedures. Finally, challenges and future directions are highlighted, underscoring the importance of biodegradable piezoelectric materials as versatile platforms for advancing biomedical technologies.
压电微纳材料在受到机械应力时能够产生局部电信号，这一现象可用于引发细胞和组织层面的有益效应。近年来，对可生物降解压电材料的研究发展迅速，因为这些材料在完成其功能后能够降解。因此，它们有望对再生医学、靶向治疗和微型机器人技术产生重大影响，相较于不可降解的同类材料，更有机会符合监管要求。本综述全面概述了可生物降解压电微纳材料的最新进展，重点关注其压电机制、材料类型以及增强其性能的方法。还讨论了当前的表征技术，强调了在微/纳尺度上的压电性和生物降解性。此外，还探讨了如何将这些材料用于再生医学的智能平台和响应式药物递送系统。同时也研究了压电微纳材料在微型机器人技术中的应用，特别是它们在微创操作中的潜力。最后，强调了挑战和未来方向，突出了可生物降解压电材料作为推进生物医学技术的多功能平台的重要性。
