Becerra-Cervera Adriana, Jiménez-Ortega Rogelio F, Aparicio-Bautista Diana I, Palacios-González Berenice, Vela-Amieva Marcela, Ibarra-González Isabel, Canizales-Quinteros Samuel, Salmerón Jorge, Rivera-Paredez Berenice, Velázquez-Cruz Rafael
Laboratorio de Genómica del Metabolismo Óseo, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico.
Secretaría de Ciencia, Humanidades, Tecnología e Innovación (SECIHTI), Mexico City, Mexico.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2025 Jul 9;15:1627519. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2025.1627519. eCollection 2025.
BACKGROUND: The gut microbiota (GM) has been linked to changes in bone mineral density (BMD), potentially contributing to the development of osteopenia or osteoporosis. Although the relationship between specific bacterial taxa and bone remodeling has been documented in various populations, data on the Mexican population remain limited. This study aimed to analyze the changes in the taxonomic composition of GM associated with low BMD (osteopenia/osteoporosis) and explore potential mechanisms influencing bone metabolism in Mexican postmenopausal women. METHODS: BMD was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. GM composition was analyzed through 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing in Mexican postmenopausal women. Metabolic functions were predicted using PICRUSt2 based on KEGG pathways at hierarchy level 3. Serum amino acid (AA) concentrations were measured in a sub-sample using tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS: Our findings indicated that beta diversity significantly differed among BMD groups (p<0.05). Women with low BMD showed higher relative abundances of , , , , , , , , and . Functional prediction revealed differences in alanine, valine, leucine, and methionine-related metabolic pathways. These findings were supported by lower serum concentrations of valine, leucine, and methionine in the low BMD group compared to the normal BMD group (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: This study provides evidence of the relationship between GM composition and AA concentrations with changes in BMD. These findings highlight promising areas for the development of potential therapeutic interventions.
背景：肠道微生物群（GM）与骨矿物质密度（BMD）的变化有关，可能导致骨质减少或骨质疏松症的发生。尽管特定细菌类群与骨重塑之间的关系已在不同人群中得到证实，但关于墨西哥人群的数据仍然有限。本研究旨在分析与低骨密度（骨质减少/骨质疏松症）相关的肠道微生物群分类组成变化，并探讨影响墨西哥绝经后妇女骨代谢的潜在机制。 方法：采用双能X线吸收法测量骨密度。通过对墨西哥绝经后妇女的16S rRNA扩增子测序分析肠道微生物群组成。基于KEGG通路在第3层级使用PICRUSt2预测代谢功能。在一个子样本中使用串联质谱法测量血清氨基酸（AA）浓度。 结果：我们的研究结果表明，不同骨密度组之间的β多样性存在显著差异（p<0.05）。骨密度低的女性表现出较高的相对丰度。功能预测揭示了丙氨酸、缬氨酸、亮氨酸和蛋氨酸相关代谢途径的差异。与正常骨密度组相比，低骨密度组血清缬氨酸、亮氨酸和蛋氨酸浓度较低，支持了这些发现（p<0.05）。 结论：本研究提供了肠道微生物群组成和氨基酸浓度与骨密度变化之间关系的证据。这些发现突出了潜在治疗干预措施开发的有前景领域。
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