Liu Xiaoxuan, Huang Liming, Ward Mclntosh Chelsea M, Liu Jianghong, McDonald Catherine C
University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Center for Injury Research and Prevention at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
J Child Adolesc Psychiatr Nurs. 2025 Aug;38(3):e70030. doi: 10.1111/jcap.70030.
The surge in adolescent smartphone use has coincided with the rise in the adolescent mental health crisis, raising public health concerns. Moving beyond the traditional focus on screen time, this study examined the association between smartphone attachment and mental health among adolescents.
Data were analyzed from 137 community-dwelling adolescents (aged 16.5-18 years). Smartphone attachment was measured by the Mobile Phone Involvement Questionnaire (MPIQ). Patient Reporting Outcome Measures (PROMIS) pediatric short forms were used to measure anxiety, depression, sleep disturbance, and general health. t-tests and ANOVAs compared anxiety and depression scores between groups above and below the MPIQ threshold for moderate-to-severe attachment. Multivariable regressions estimated associations between smartphone attachment and mental health outcomes, adjusting for demographics and health factors.
Participants were a mean age of 17.7 ± 0.6 years, 51.1% female, and 79.6% White and 96.4% non-Hispanic. Mean MPIQ score was 28.90 ± 8.85, with females scoring higher than males (30.5 vs. 27.2, p = 0.03). Adolescents above the MPIQ threshold for moderate-severe attachment ( ≥ 32) reported significantly higher anxiety (52.9 vs. 46.3, p < 0.001) and depression (51.4 vs. 46.3, p = 0.002). In regression models, MPIQ scores were significantly associated with anxiety (adj. ß = 0.26, p < 0.01, CI = [0.099, 0.41]) and depression (adj. ß = 0.15, p < 0.05, CI = [0.16, 0.28]), adjusting for demographics and health factors.
Findings highlight a clinical concern for adolescents with elevated smartphone attachment, particularly among females. Targeted interventions are needed to prevent worsening mental health related to smartphone attachment.
青少年智能手机使用的激增与青少年心理健康危机的加剧同时出现，引发了公众对健康的担忧。本研究超越了传统的屏幕使用时间关注点，探讨了青少年智能手机依赖与心理健康之间的关联。
对137名居住在社区的青少年（年龄在16.5 - 18岁之间）的数据进行了分析。智能手机依赖程度通过手机参与问卷（MPIQ）进行测量。采用患者报告结局量表（PROMIS）儿科简表来测量焦虑、抑郁、睡眠障碍和总体健康状况。t检验和方差分析比较了MPIQ中度至重度依赖阈值上下两组之间的焦虑和抑郁得分。多变量回归估计了智能手机依赖与心理健康结局之间的关联，并对人口统计学和健康因素进行了调整。
参与者的平均年龄为17.7 ± 0.6岁，女性占51.1%，白人占79.6%，非西班牙裔占96.4%。MPIQ平均得分为28.90 ± 8.85，女性得分高于男性（30.5对27.2，p = 0.03）。MPIQ中度至重度依赖阈值（≥ 32）以上的青少年报告的焦虑（52.9对46.3，p < 0.001）和抑郁（51.4对46.3，p = 0.002）明显更高。在回归模型中，调整人口统计学和健康因素后，MPIQ得分与焦虑（调整后β = 0.26，p < 0.01，CI = [0.099, 0.41]）和抑郁（调整后β = 0.15，p < 0.05，CI = [0.16, 0.28]）显著相关。
研究结果凸显了对智能手机依赖程度较高的青少年，尤其是女性的临床关注。需要有针对性的干预措施来预防与智能手机依赖相关的心理健康恶化。
