Hildreth N G, Shore R E, Hempelmann L H, Rosenstein M
Radiat Res. 1985 Jun;102(3):378-91.
Two thousand eight hundred and fifty-six individuals who received X-ray treatments in infancy for an enlarged thymus gland and their 5053 nonirradiated siblings have been followed prospectively since 1953 to evaluate the risk of radiation-induced neoplastic disease. The health status of the entire cohort has been ascertained periodically by mail questionnaire survey. Based on the cumulative experience of five surveys of this cohort, the irradiated group has a statistically significant increased risk for both benign and malignant extrathyroid tumors, the age-adjusted relative risks being 2.0 and 2.2, respectively. Benign tumors of the bone, nervous system, salivary gland, skin, and breast (females only) and malignant tumors of the skin and breast (females only) account for the excess incidence of extrathyroid tumors among the thymic-irradiated individuals. Although a radiation-induced excess of extrathyroid tumors was suggested in an earlier survey of this cohort, small numbers restricted attribution of this excess to specific sites. The implications of these findings are discussed. Thyroid tumors are addressed in a separate paper.
自1953年起，对2856名在婴儿期因胸腺肿大接受过X射线治疗的个体及其5053名未接受过辐射的兄弟姐妹进行了前瞻性随访，以评估辐射诱发肿瘤疾病的风险。通过邮寄问卷调查定期确定整个队列的健康状况。基于对该队列五次调查的累积经验，受照射组患甲状腺外良性和恶性肿瘤的风险在统计学上显著增加，年龄调整后的相对风险分别为2.0和2.2。骨、神经系统、唾液腺、皮肤和乳腺（仅女性）的良性肿瘤以及皮肤和乳腺（仅女性）的恶性肿瘤导致了胸腺受照射个体中甲状腺外肿瘤的额外发病率。尽管在该队列的早期调查中就提示存在辐射诱发的甲状腺外肿瘤过量，但由于样本量小，无法将这种过量归因于特定部位。讨论了这些发现的意义。甲状腺肿瘤在另一篇论文中论述。
