Yarbaş Görkem, Karpuzcu Hulusi Can, Çatalbaş Ramis, Erdoğan Çağdaş
Department of Gastroenterology, Ankara Etlik City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
Dig Dis Sci. 2025 Jul 24. doi: 10.1007/s10620-025-09216-3.
This study aims to identify the demographic, medical, and psychological factors associated with anxiety in patients undergoing non-sedated upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (EGD). By determining high-risk groups and key anxiety triggers, the research seeks to provide insights for improving pre-procedural communication and patient preparation.
A total of 1242 patients aged between 18 and 90 years were included in the study. In this cross-sectional and observational study, the anxiety levels of the patients were measured using data collected through face-to-face interviews and the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Participants' demographic information, medical history and previous endoscopy experiences were recorded.
Among the participants, 52.7% (n = 654) reported anxiety related to the procedure. Women (n = 645) exhibited higher anxiety levels than men (STAI-I score: 43.28 ± 13.06 vs. 41.52 ± 12.93, p = 0.017). Chronic conditions, such as COPD (mean STAI-I score: 52.53 ± 9.39, p < 0.001), cardiac disorders (49.68 ± 11.58, p = 0.014), and chronic kidney disease (55.50 ± 10.42, p = 0.004), were associated with significantly elevated anxiety levels. Additionally, patients with depression (50.86 ± 9.19, p < 0.001) and panic disorder (51.12 ± 5.99, p < 0.001) exhibited higher anxiety. Prior experience with endoscopy did not significantly reduce anxiety, with 40% (n = 497) having undergone the procedure before. Notably, 46.7% (n = 580) of participants reported prior knowledge of the procedure, but this did not correspond with significantly lower anxiety levels.
Anxiety before endoscopic procedures was observed to be common among patients and may directly affect the quality of the procedure. High rates of anxiety in women and individuals with chronic diseases are consistent with the literature. Accurate and comprehensive information of patients prior to the procedure appears to be critical in reducing anxiety levels.
本研究旨在确定非镇静状态下接受上消化道内镜检查（EGD）患者焦虑相关的人口统计学、医学和心理因素。通过确定高危人群和关键焦虑触发因素，该研究旨在为改善术前沟通和患者准备提供见解。
本研究共纳入1242名年龄在18至90岁之间的患者。在这项横断面观察性研究中，通过面对面访谈收集的数据以及斯皮尔伯格状态-特质焦虑量表（STAI）对患者的焦虑水平进行测量。记录参与者的人口统计学信息、病史和既往内镜检查经历。
在参与者中，52.7%（n = 654）报告与该检查相关的焦虑。女性（n = 645）的焦虑水平高于男性（STAI-I得分：43.28±13.06 vs. 41.52±12.93，p = 0.017）。慢性疾病，如慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）（平均STAI-I得分：52.53±9.39，p < 0.001）、心脏疾病（49.68±11.58，p = 0.014）和慢性肾病（55.50±10.42，p = 0.004）与焦虑水平显著升高相关。此外，患有抑郁症（50.86±9.19，p < 0.001）和恐慌症（51.12±5.99，p < 0.001）的患者表现出更高的焦虑。既往内镜检查经历并未显著降低焦虑，40%（n = 497）的患者之前接受过该检查。值得注意的是，46.7%（n = 580）的参与者报告对该检查有先验知识，但这与焦虑水平显著降低并无对应关系。
内镜检查前的焦虑在患者中很常见，可能直接影响检查质量。女性和患有慢性疾病个体的高焦虑率与文献一致。术前准确全面的患者信息对于降低焦虑水平似乎至关重要。
