Tan Selene, Gourabi Sepehr, Cribbet Matthew R, Cundiff Jeanne M, McDonough Ian M
The University of Alabama.
Binghamton University.
Res Sq. 2025 Jul 14:rs.3.rs-7066049. doi: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7066049/v1.
Aging often coincides with declining sleep quality, which can contribute to cognitive decline and increased dementia risk. Neuroimaging offers valuable insights into how poor sleep may affect brain health before cognitive or behavioral changes appear. Given the different prevalence rates of dementia between sexes, sleep disturbances might uniquely impact females relative to males. The goal of this study was to investigate how age and sex moderate the impact of sleep quality on resting-state functional connectivity. Based on the extant literature, we predicted that sleep quality would significantly impact connectivity in the default mode network, salience network, and the amygdala. Adults (N = 95), aged 20-74, completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and underwent two 5-min sessions of resting-state MRI. Three-way interactions between age, sex, and sleep quality were found between the default mode network and the left superior parietal lobule. A two-way interaction between age and sleep quality was found between the salience network and right precentral/postcentral gyrus. No relationships were found using the amygdala as a seed region. Furthermore, sleep consistently contributed to the sleep quality-connectivity effects found for young adults and multiple sleep components varied in older adults. The results suggest that poor sleep affects the salience networks in both males and females, with variations in adaptive patterns depending on age. The default mode network appears particularly sensitive to sleep impairments in females, consistent with early desegregation of brain networks and increased risk for dementia. The alterations in young adults support the hyperarousal hypothesis as a potential contributor to insomnia.
衰老往往与睡眠质量下降同时出现，这可能导致认知能力下降和痴呆风险增加。神经影像学为了解睡眠质量差如何在认知或行为变化出现之前影响大脑健康提供了有价值的见解。鉴于男女痴呆症的患病率不同，睡眠障碍对女性的影响可能相对于男性具有独特性。本研究的目的是调查年龄和性别如何调节睡眠质量对静息态功能连接的影响。基于现有文献，我们预测睡眠质量将显著影响默认模式网络、突显网络和杏仁核中的连接性。年龄在20 - 74岁之间的95名成年人完成了匹兹堡睡眠质量指数，并进行了两次5分钟的静息态MRI检查。在默认模式网络和左侧顶上小叶之间发现了年龄、性别和睡眠质量之间的三向交互作用。在突显网络和右侧中央前/后回之间发现了年龄和睡眠质量之间的双向交互作用。以杏仁核为种子区域未发现任何关系。此外，睡眠持续影响年轻人的睡眠质量-连接性效应，而老年人的多个睡眠成分有所不同。结果表明，睡眠质量差会影响男性和女性的突显网络，其适应模式会因年龄而异。默认模式网络似乎对女性的睡眠障碍特别敏感，这与大脑网络的早期分离和痴呆风险增加一致。年轻人的这些改变支持了过度唤醒假说作为失眠的一个潜在原因。
