D'Mello Kimberly, Driezen Pete, East Katherine A, Fong Geoffrey T, Hammond David
School of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada.
Nicotine Tob Res. 2025 Jul 25. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntaf152.
E-cigarettes are an increasingly popular method of smoking cessation assistance; however, there is little research on whether this has affected the number of smokers who quit using "any" evidence-based cessation aid. This study examined trends in the use of cessation aids, including e-cigarettes and other evidence-based methods.
Data are cross-sectional surveys in 2016, 2018, and 2020 from the ITC Four Country Smoking and Vaping Survey conducted in Canada, United States (US), England, and Australia. Respondents were adults (≥18) recruited by commercial panel firms who currently smoked, and/or quit smoking in the past 12-months. Respondents were asked about use of e-cigarettes, nicotine replacement therapies (NRT), prescription medications, quitlines, and counseling services during their last quit attempt (LQA). GEE regression models analyzed separately by country examined use of cessation assistance among 14 536 observations (Canada = 4880; US = 2917; England = 4846; Australia = 1898).
E-cigarettes (29.9%) and NRT (29.8%) were popular methods of cessation assistance at LQA. Using e-cigarettes at LQA increased in Australia (2016 = 11.1%; 2020 = 25.1%; p=.002) and England (2016 = 37.1%; 2018 = 46.7%; p=.002), with no significant change in Canada or the US. Across all countries, there was little change over time in the overall use of evidence-based cessation assistance. Nearly half of respondents used some form of cessation assistance excluding e-cigarettes. Approximately two-thirds used "any" form of evidence-based cessation including e-cigarettes at LQA, which decreased in Canada (2016 = 64.0%, 2020 = 58.9%; p=.010).
While e-cigarettes are a popular cessation aid, use of other evidence-based cessation assistance has remained comparatively stable among adults that tried to quit smoking.
The findings indicated that e-cigarettes are a popular cessation method among adults trying to quit smoking. Despite differences in e-cigarette use and regulatory environments in the four countries, rates of evidence-based cessation assistance were similar across countries and over time. E-cigarettes can be an effective method for stopping smoking; however, the current study suggests few, if any, changes in the proportion of adults who smoke using any evidence-based form of cessation assistance, despite changes in the use of e-cigarettes as a quit aid.
电子烟是一种越来越受欢迎的戒烟辅助方法；然而，关于其是否影响了使用“任何”循证戒烟辅助工具戒烟的吸烟者数量，相关研究较少。本研究调查了包括电子烟和其他循证方法在内的戒烟辅助工具的使用趋势。
数据来自2016年、2018年和2020年在加拿大、美国、英国和澳大利亚进行的国际烟草控制四国吸烟与吸电子烟调查的横断面调查。受访者为商业面板公司招募的成年人（≥18岁），他们目前吸烟，和/或在过去12个月内戒烟。受访者被问及在他们最近一次戒烟尝试（LQA）期间使用电子烟、尼古丁替代疗法（NRT）、处方药、戒烟热线和咨询服务的情况。按国家分别分析的广义估计方程（GEE）回归模型，对14536例观察对象（加拿大 = 4880；美国 = 2917；英国 = 4846；澳大利亚 = 1898）的戒烟辅助工具使用情况进行了研究。
在最近一次戒烟尝试时，电子烟（29.9%）和尼古丁替代疗法（29.8%）是受欢迎的戒烟辅助方法。在澳大利亚（2016年 = 11.1%；2020年 = 25.1%；p = 0.002）和英国（2016年 = 37.1%；2018年 = 46.7%；p = 0.002），最近一次戒烟尝试时使用电子烟的情况有所增加，而在加拿大和美国没有显著变化。在所有国家，循证戒烟辅助工具的总体使用情况随时间变化不大。近一半的受访者使用了某种形式的不包括电子烟的戒烟辅助工具。约三分之二的受访者在最近一次戒烟尝试时使用了“任何”形式的循证戒烟方法，包括电子烟，这一比例在加拿大有所下降（2016年 = 64.0%，2020年 = 58.9%；p = 0.010）。
虽然电子烟是一种受欢迎的戒烟辅助工具，但在试图戒烟的成年人中，其他循证戒烟辅助工具的使用相对保持稳定。
研究结果表明，电子烟是试图戒烟的成年人中一种受欢迎的戒烟方法。尽管四个国家在电子烟使用和监管环境方面存在差异，但循证戒烟辅助工具的使用率在各国之间以及随时间推移是相似的。电子烟可以是一种有效的戒烟方法；然而，当前研究表明，尽管使用电子烟作为戒烟辅助工具的情况有所变化，但使用任何循证戒烟辅助方法的吸烟成年人比例几乎没有变化（如果有变化的话也很小）。
