Chen Xu, Liang Aiping
Tianjin Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Animal Diversity, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, 393 Binshuixidao Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin 300387, China.
Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China.
Biomimetics (Basel). 2025 Jul 6;10(7):444. doi: 10.3390/biomimetics10070444.
Previous research on the jumping structures of insects with strong leaping abilities mainly focused on overall jumping mechanisms. Our study reveals that the unilateral jumping structures (UJSs) of has relative functional autonomy. The UJSs consist of three distinct but interconnected parts: (1) energy storage component: it comprises the pleural arch and trochanteral depressor muscles, with the deformation zone extending about two-thirds of the pleural arch from the V-notch to the U-notch; (2) coupling component: made up of the coxa and trochanter, it serves as a bridge between the energy and lever components, connecting them via protuberances and pivots; and (3) lever component: it encompasses the femur, tibia, and tarsus. A complete jumping action lasts from 2.4 ms to 4.6 ms. During a jump, the deformation length of the pleural arch is 0.96 ± 0.06 mm. The angles ∠ct (angle between coxa and trochanter), ∠fp (angle between femur and pleural arch), and ∠ft (angle between femur and tibia) change by 57.42 ± 1.60, 101.40 ± 1.59, and 36.06 ± 2.41 degrees, respectively. In this study, we abstracted the jumping structures of and identified its critical components. The insights obtained from this study are anticipated to provide valuable inspiration for the design and fabrication of biomimetic jumping mechanisms.
先前对具有强大跳跃能力的昆虫跳跃结构的研究主要集中在整体跳跃机制上。我们的研究表明，[昆虫名称]的单侧跳跃结构（UJSs）具有相对的功能自主性。UJSs由三个不同但相互连接的部分组成：（1）能量存储组件：它包括胸膜弓和转节降肌，变形区从V形缺口到U形缺口延伸约胸膜弓的三分之二；（2）耦合组件：由髋节和转节组成，它作为能量组件和杠杆组件之间的桥梁，通过突起和枢轴将它们连接起来；（3）杠杆组件：它包括股骨、胫骨和跗骨。一个完整的跳跃动作持续2.4毫秒到4.6毫秒。在跳跃过程中，胸膜弓的变形长度为0.96±0.06毫米。髋节与转节之间的角度∠ct、股骨与胸膜弓之间的角度∠fp以及股骨与胫骨之间的角度∠ft分别变化57.42±1.60度、101.40±1.59度和36.06±2.41度。在本研究中，我们提取了[昆虫名称]的跳跃结构并确定了其关键组件。预计从本研究中获得的见解将为仿生跳跃机制的设计和制造提供有价值的灵感。
