de Barberin-Barberini Hugues, Jouve Elisabeth, Dubus Jean-Christophe, Hadji Karine, Laporte Remi
Service d'Accueil des Urgences Pédiatriques, Hôpital Nord, AP-HM, 13015 Marseille, France.
Permanence d'Accès aux Soins de Santé Mère-Enfant, Hôpital Nord, AP-HM, 13015 Marseille, France.
Toxics. 2025 Jun 29;13(7):552. doi: 10.3390/toxics13070552.
Background-Against childhood lead poisoning, removing lead exposure is the main measure, but how to do it effectively has not been fully established. Our objective was to determine the impact of several interventions (education, housing remediation, and relocation) on children's blood lead levels. Methods-A historical cohort of childhood lead poisoning was drawn in Marseille, France, from 2011 to 2018. A generalized mixed model was developed to study the kinetics of blood lead levels. Results-We included 151 children, with 56% living in legal substandard housing and others living in slums. Medical follow-up (median: 612 days) included 492 blood samples. In legal substandard housing, blood lead level decrease was significantly associated with every intervention. In slums, blood lead level decrease was significantly associated with housing relocation and education, although to a lesser extent. Conclusions-Every intervention contributed to reducing blood lead levels in substandard housing. Educational intervention is rapidly implemented. Housing remediation follows a long-lasting but effective legal procedure. Some families get housing relocation, depending on their financial resources or whether they are eligible for social housing. In slums, access to legal housing is the most effective against environmental exposure and education has a wider impact on health literacy.
背景——针对儿童铅中毒，消除铅暴露是主要措施，但如何有效做到这一点尚未完全明确。我们的目标是确定几种干预措施（教育、住房整治和搬迁）对儿童血铅水平的影响。方法——2011年至2018年在法国马赛选取了一组儿童铅中毒的历史队列。建立了一个广义混合模型来研究血铅水平的动态变化。结果——我们纳入了151名儿童，其中56%居住在法定不达标的住房中，其他儿童居住在贫民窟。医学随访（中位数：612天）包括492份血样。在法定不达标的住房中，血铅水平的下降与每项干预措施均显著相关。在贫民窟，血铅水平的下降与住房搬迁和教育显著相关，尽管程度较小。结论——每项干预措施都有助于降低不达标的住房中的血铅水平。教育干预可迅速实施。住房整治遵循一个持久但有效的法律程序。一些家庭会进行住房搬迁，这取决于他们的经济资源或是否有资格获得社会住房。在贫民窟，获得合法住房是抵御环境暴露最有效的方法，而教育对健康素养有更广泛的影响。
