Al-Gallas Nazek
Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hafar Al-Batin (UHB), P. O. Box 1803, Hafr Al Batin, 31991, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Curr Microbiol. 2025 Jul 26;82(9):410. doi: 10.1007/s00284-025-04385-w.
The study aimed to examine the link between genetic antibiotic resistance and the prevalence of multidrug-resistant Salmonella Enteritidis in Tunisia over six years (2014-2019). About 617 clinical samples (including stools, biopsies, abscesses, and urine) were collected and analyzed using serotyping (slide agglutination method), antimicrobial susceptibility testing (disk diffusion method), and molecular techniques (PCR) for detecting antibiotic resistance genes. A total of 231 Salmonella isolates were obtained, of which serotype Enteritidis accounted for 72.3% (167/231). The majority were obtained from stool samples (70.66%, 118/167). About 59% (68/116) of the isolates were identified as multidrug-resistant, defined as exhibiting resistance to at least one agent in three or more antimicrobial classes. The antimicrobial susceptibility analysis demonstrated resistance rates of 46% for nalidixic acid (106/231), 45.5% for ofloxacin (105/231), 45% for ciprofloxacin (104/231), 43.72% for ampicillin (101/231), 43% for amoxicillin (99/231), and 43.3% for ticarcillin (100/231), highlighting a significant resistance to penicillin and fluoroquinolone classes of antibiotics. Less resistance detected to sulfonamide 16% (37/231), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole 8.7% (20/231), and chloramphenicol 1.73% (4/231). The most frequent genetic association was between fluoroquinolone and β-lactam resistance genes (91/116, 78.45%). The most common resistance genes that showed consistent patterns were bla (84%, 98/116), bla (84%, 98/116), bla (80.2%, 93/116), qnrA (80.2%, 93/116), qepA (80.2%, 93/116), oqxA (68.1%, 79/116), qnrB (43.1%, 50/116), qnrS (43.1%, 50/116) and aac(6')-Ib-cr (43.1%, 50/116). In contrast, bla (32%, 37/116) and bla (38.8%, 45/116) showed clear temporal fluctuations in certain years. This study provides a comprehensive overview of multidrug-resistant Salmonella Enteritidis in Tunisia and emphasizes the need for ongoing human infection surveillance.
该研究旨在调查突尼斯六年（2014 - 2019年）间遗传抗生素耐药性与多重耐药肠炎沙门氏菌流行率之间的联系。收集了约617份临床样本（包括粪便、活检组织、脓肿和尿液），并采用血清分型（玻片凝集法）、抗菌药物敏感性测试（纸片扩散法）和分子技术（聚合酶链反应）检测抗生素耐药基因。共获得231株沙门氏菌分离株，其中肠炎血清型占72.3%（167/231）。大多数分离株来自粪便样本（70.66%，118/167）。约59%（68/116）的分离株被鉴定为多重耐药，定义为对三种或更多抗菌药物类别中的至少一种药物耐药。抗菌药物敏感性分析显示，萘啶酸耐药率为46%（106/231），氧氟沙星为45.5%（105/231），环丙沙星为45%（104/231），氨苄西林为43.72%（101/231），阿莫西林为43%（99/231），替卡西林为43.3%（100/231），突出显示对青霉素类和氟喹诺酮类抗生素有显著耐药性。对磺胺类药物耐药率为16%（37/231），甲氧苄啶 - 磺胺甲恶唑为8.7%（20/231），氯霉素为1.73%（4/231）。最常见的基因关联是氟喹诺酮耐药基因与β - 内酰胺耐药基因之间的关联（91/116，78.45%）。显示一致模式的最常见耐药基因是bla（84%，98/116）、bla（84%，98/116）、bla（80.2%，93/116）、qnrA（80.2%，93/116）、qepA（80.2%，93/116）、oqxA（68.1%，79/116）、qnrB（43.1%，50/116）、qnrS（43.1%，50/116）和aac(6') - Ib - cr（43.1%，50/116）。相比之下，bla（32%，37/116）和bla（38.8%，45/116）在某些年份显示出明显的时间波动。本研究全面概述了突尼斯多重耐药肠炎沙门氏菌的情况，并强调了持续进行人类感染监测的必要性。
