Khalifa Hazim O, Kayama Shizuo, Ramadan Hazem, Yu Liansheng, Hayashi Wataru, Sugawara Yo, Kondo Sayaka Uchino, Marzooq Farah Al, Matsumoto Tetsuya, Sugai Motoyuki
Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt.
Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.
J Glob Antimicrob Resist. 2025 Jun;43:98-110. doi: 10.1016/j.jgar.2025.04.019. Epub 2025 Apr 26.
This study examines β-lactam-resistant non-typhoidal Salmonella isolates using phenotypic and genotypic analyses to elucidate resistance mechanisms and epidemiological characteristics.
A total of 1663 clinical Salmonella spp. isolates were collected (1994-2016), with 122 exhibiting β-lactam resistance, confirmed via antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Resistance mechanisms were further explored through genotypic analysis by whole genome sequencing, plasmid characterization, and phylogenomic investigations.
All isolates were resistant to at least one β-lactam. Resistance to third-generation cephalosporins was notable, while carbapenem resistance was rare (0.8%). High resistance was observed for minocycline (36.9%) and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (28.7%), whereas resistance to fluoroquinolones (3.3%-5.7%), aminoglycosides (0.8%-8.2%), and tigecycline (8.2%) was low. All isolates remained susceptible to fosfomycin, and 21.3% exhibited multidrug resistance. Genotypic analysis identified diverse serotypes and sequence types, with S. Typhimurium and ST19 being predominant. The most common β-lactamase gene was bla, followed by bla, with significant correlations between β-lactam and aminoglycoside resistance genes. Plasmid analysis revealed a high prevalence of plasmid carriage, with IncFII(S) and IncFIB(S) being predominant, strongly associated with antimicrobial resistance genes. Phylogenetic analysis provided insights into the global dissemination of Salmonella, particularly those carrying mcr-9, while clustering analysis revealed shared genetic patterns among isolates sourced from different hosts, highlighting the potential for cross-species transmission.
These findings underscore the complex interplay of resistance mechanisms and emphasize the need for integrated surveillance and intervention strategies to combat antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella, reinforcing the necessity for ongoing public health efforts.
本研究通过表型和基因型分析，对耐β-内酰胺类非伤寒沙门氏菌分离株进行检测，以阐明其耐药机制和流行病学特征。
收集了1663株临床沙门氏菌属分离株（1994 - 2016年），其中122株经抗菌药物敏感性试验确认为耐β-内酰胺类。通过全基因组测序、质粒特征分析和系统发育基因组学研究等基因型分析方法，进一步探究耐药机制。
所有分离株对至少一种β-内酰胺类耐药。对第三代头孢菌素的耐药情况较为显著，而碳青霉烯类耐药罕见（0.8%）。米诺环素（36.9%）和磺胺甲恶唑-甲氧苄啶（28.7%）的耐药率较高，而对氟喹诺酮类（3.3% - 5.7%）、氨基糖苷类（0.8% - 8.2%）和替加环素（8.2%）的耐药率较低。所有分离株对磷霉素仍敏感，21.3%表现为多重耐药。基因型分析确定了多种血清型和序列型，鼠伤寒沙门氏菌和ST19为主。最常见的β-内酰胺酶基因是bla，其次是bla，β-内酰胺类和氨基糖苷类耐药基因之间存在显著相关性。质粒分析显示质粒携带率较高，IncFII(S)和IncFIB(S)为主，与抗菌药物耐药基因密切相关。系统发育分析为沙门氏菌的全球传播提供了见解，特别是那些携带mcr-9的菌株，而聚类分析揭示了来自不同宿主的分离株之间共享的遗传模式，突出了跨物种传播的可能性。
这些发现强调了耐药机制的复杂相互作用，并强调需要综合监测和干预策略来对抗沙门氏菌的抗菌药物耐药性，强化了持续开展公共卫生工作的必要性。
