Huang Chun-Feng, Wu Chih-Hsing
Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Department of Leisure Services Management, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan.
Osteoporos Sarcopenia. 2025 Jun;11(2 Suppl):40-49. doi: 10.1016/j.afos.2025.05.001. Epub 2025 May 21.
Sarcopenic obesity (SO), characterized by the concurrent presence of sarcopenia and obesity, is an emerging public health challenge in the Asia-Pacific region. With rapid population aging and increasing obesity rates, the prevalence of SO is increasing, particularly among individuals over 60 years of age. This condition results from a complex interplay of muscle loss, fat accumulation, chronic inflammation, hormonal changes, and metabolic dysregulation, leading to heightened risks of frailty, disability, cardiovascular disease, and mortality. Region-specific risk factors, including dietary transitions, reduced physical activity, and socioeconomic disparities, further contribute to its increasing prevalence. While pharmacological options are under investigation, lifestyle modifications remain the cornerstone of prevention and management. Regular resistance training, adequate protein intake, and balanced nutrition are essential for preserving muscle mass while promoting fat reduction. Community-based interventions, such as structured exercise programs, public health campaigns, and urban planning that encourage active aging, are crucial for sustainable long-term outcomes. The current inconsistency in diagnostic criteria has led to numerous challenges, highlighting the urgent need for consensus. In addition, targeted policies focusing on nutritional education, elderly friendly infrastructure, and access to preventive healthcare are essential to alleviating the burden of SO. A comprehensive approach that integrates lifestyle interventions, clinical advancements, and supportive policies is crucial for effectively addressing the growing impact of SO in the Asia-Pacific region and improving health outcomes for the aging population.
肌少症性肥胖（SO），其特征为肌少症和肥胖并存，是亚太地区一个新出现的公共卫生挑战。随着人口迅速老龄化和肥胖率上升，SO的患病率正在增加，尤其是在60岁以上人群中。这种情况是由肌肉流失、脂肪堆积、慢性炎症、激素变化和代谢失调等复杂的相互作用导致的，会增加虚弱、残疾、心血管疾病和死亡的风险。包括饮食转变、体力活动减少和社会经济差异在内的特定区域风险因素，进一步导致其患病率上升。虽然药物治疗方案正在研究中，但生活方式的改变仍然是预防和管理的基石。定期进行抗阻训练、摄入足够的蛋白质和保持营养均衡，对于保持肌肉量同时促进减脂至关重要。基于社区的干预措施，如结构化运动项目、公共卫生运动以及鼓励积极老龄化的城市规划，对于实现可持续的长期成果至关重要。目前诊断标准的不一致带来了诸多挑战，凸显了达成共识的迫切需求。此外，侧重于营养教育、适老化基础设施以及获得预防性医疗服务的针对性政策，对于减轻SO的负担至关重要。将生活方式干预、临床进展和支持性政策相结合的综合方法，对于有效应对SO在亚太地区日益增长的影响以及改善老年人口的健康状况至关重要。
