Chen Shangmin, Xie Lei, Gao Yongshan, Yang Bo, Wu JiaHao, Du Lin, Zhong Zhigang
Sports Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 57 Changping Road, Shantou, 515041, China.
Sports Medicine Institute, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China.
BMC Public Health. 2025 Jul 28;25(1):2565. doi: 10.1186/s12889-025-23804-y.
Evidence on the effects of particulate matter (PM) on hip fractures is lacking, especially in developing countries. The purpose of this study was to examine the association of particulate matter with hip fracture admissions in middle-aged and elderly people in the Chinese coastal city of Shantou.
Daily hip fracture admission, meteorological factor and air pollution data were collected from 2015 to 2019. A generalized additive model (GAM) was used to investigate the association between particulate matter and hospital admission for hip fractures. Then, analyses stratified by gender, age, and season were performed to identify susceptible populations. Finally, the attributable fraction (AF) and number (AN) due to the excess particulate matter concentration were calculated by using the World Health Organization (WHO) air quality standard as the reference value.
The results revealed that particulate matter was significantly associated with hip fracture admissions. For each 10 µg/m increase in the concentrations of PM, PM and PM at lag0, the corresponding relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were 1.0614 (1.0331-1.0903), 1.0560 (1.0108-1.1033) and 1.0420 (1.0220-1.0622), respectively. Females and people over the age of 75 were more susceptible to particulate matter. Furthermore, 12.79% (674 cases) of hip fracture admissions were attributable to exposure to particulate matter exceeding the WHO standards.
Short-term exposure to particulate matter was significantly associated with increased risk of daily hip fracture admissions.
关于颗粒物（PM）对髋部骨折影响的证据不足，尤其是在发展中国家。本研究的目的是调查中国沿海城市汕头中老年人颗粒物与髋部骨折入院之间的关联。
收集2015年至2019年每日髋部骨折入院、气象因素和空气污染数据。采用广义相加模型（GAM）研究颗粒物与髋部骨折住院之间的关联。然后，按性别、年龄和季节进行分层分析，以确定易感人群。最后，以世界卫生组织（WHO）空气质量标准为参考值，计算因颗粒物浓度超标导致的归因分数（AF）和归因数（AN）。
结果显示，颗粒物与髋部骨折入院显著相关。对于PM、PM在滞后0期浓度每增加10μg/m，相应的相对风险（RRs）和95%置信区间（CIs）分别为1.0614（1.0331 - 1.0903）、1.0560（1.0108 - 1.1033）和1.0420（1.0220 - 1.0622）。女性和75岁以上人群对颗粒物更易感。此外，12.79%（674例）的髋部骨折入院病例可归因于暴露于超过WHO标准的颗粒物。
短期暴露于颗粒物与每日髋部骨折入院风险增加显著相关。
