Karimirad Roghayeh, Inbaraj Baskaran Stephen, Chen Bing-Huei
Department of Food Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan.
Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung 404328, Taiwan.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2025 Jun 22;14(7):765. doi: 10.3390/antiox14070765.
Natural antioxidants isolated from fruits, vegetables, herbs and spices have drawn great attention owing to their numerous health-promoting effects. Cinnamaldehyde (CA), an abundant antioxidant in cinnamon spice, has been explored more intensely over the last decade as it has been demonstrated to be effective and safe in the treatment of various diseases. Structurally, a substituted aldehyde group with an unsaturated carbon-carbon double bond with two electrophilic sites for reaction with receptors and enzymes can exert diverse biological effects. Although cinnamon has been traditionally used as a spice and herbal remedy, many studies investigating the most dominant functional compound, CA, and its biological activities have been reported in recent years. This review article intends to present an overview of recent advances in analytical methods and the application of cinnamon extract/oil, CA and its derivatives, CA-polymer/biomolecule conjugates and CA micro/nanosystems in alleviating various chronic diseases including cancer, diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease, neurological disorders, osteoarthritis and osteoporosis. Both in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated the improved pharmacological efficiency of CA and its derivatives as well as their polymer/drug/biomolecule conjugates and micro/nanoencapsulated forms, suggesting a possible alternative natural therapy and adjuvant therapy with conventional drugs via a synergistic process.
从水果、蔬菜、草药和香料中分离出的天然抗氧化剂因其众多的健康促进作用而备受关注。肉桂醛（CA）是肉桂香料中一种丰富的抗氧化剂，在过去十年中受到了更深入的研究，因为它已被证明在治疗各种疾病方面有效且安全。从结构上看，一个带有不饱和碳 - 碳双键的取代醛基有两个亲电位点可与受体和酶发生反应，从而发挥多种生物学效应。尽管肉桂传统上被用作香料和草药，但近年来已有许多研究报道了对其最主要的功能化合物CA及其生物活性的研究。这篇综述文章旨在概述分析方法的最新进展，以及肉桂提取物/油、CA及其衍生物、CA - 聚合物/生物分子共轭物和CA微/纳米系统在缓解包括癌症、糖尿病、肥胖症、心血管疾病、神经紊乱、骨关节炎和骨质疏松症在内的各种慢性疾病方面的应用。体外和体内研究均表明，CA及其衍生物以及它们的聚合物/药物/生物分子共轭物和微/纳米包封形式的药理效率有所提高，这表明通过协同过程可能存在一种替代的天然疗法以及与传统药物的辅助疗法。
