Alonazi Asma, Alsunaid Fay, Alofaisan Latifa, Ghassan Alqarni Mohammed, Alhumoud Jasem, Kashoo Faizan
Department of Physical Therapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Riyadh 11952, Saudi Arabia.
Tumair Hospital, Tumair 11943, Saudi Arabia.
Children (Basel). 2025 Jul 8;12(7):899. doi: 10.3390/children12070899.
: Understanding the relationship between physical fitness and body mass index (BMI) is critical for promoting adolescent health, particularly in Saudi Arabia, where cultural norms and rising obesity rates present unique challenges. This study aimed to investigate the impact of BMI, gender, and physical activity levels on lower limb strength and endurance, as measured by the Standing Long Jump (SLJ) and the 1 min Sit-to-Stand (STS) test, respectively. : This cross-sectional study included 100 healthy Saudi adolescents (44 boys, 56 girls) aged 10-18 years. Lower limb strength and endurance were assessed using SLJ (cm) and STS (repetitions/min). Anthropometric measurements included BMI (kg/m), weight (kg), and height (cm), while physical activity was assessed using the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents (PAQ-A). Mediation analysis was conducted to examine the potential indirect effects of BMI, PAQ-A score, and age on the relationship between SLJ and STS performance. : Boys significantly outperformed girls in both the STS (mean difference = 25.2 repetitions/min; < 0.001) and SLJ (mean difference = 73.4 cm; < 0.001). No significant gender differences were found in PAQ-A scores ( = 0.987). A strong positive correlation was observed between SLJ and STS performance ( = 0.768; < 0.01). BMI was not significantly correlated with SLJ or STS performance. STS repetitions predicted superior SLJ performance both before (β = 0.55, < 0.001) and after (β = 0.47, = 0.004) adjustment for BMI, age, PAQ score, and gender. BMI transmitted only a small, non-significant share of this link (indirect β = 0.08, = 0.122), indicating that the STS-SLJ association is largely direct (model R for SLJ = 0.84). : Explosive lower limb strength and gender were significant predictors of lower-body endurance, whereas BMI showed a limited association with performance. These findings underscore the importance of incorporating gender-specific strategies in adolescent fitness assessments and interventions, with a cautionary interpretation of BMI as a performance indicator.
了解体能与体重指数（BMI）之间的关系对于促进青少年健康至关重要，尤其是在沙特阿拉伯，那里的文化规范和不断上升的肥胖率带来了独特的挑战。本研究旨在调查BMI、性别和身体活动水平对下肢力量和耐力的影响，分别通过立定跳远（SLJ）和1分钟坐立试验（STS）来衡量。
这项横断面研究纳入了100名年龄在10至18岁之间的健康沙特青少年（44名男孩，56名女孩）。使用SLJ（厘米）和STS（重复次数/分钟）评估下肢力量和耐力。人体测量指标包括BMI（千克/平方米）、体重（千克）和身高（厘米），同时使用青少年身体活动问卷（PAQ-A）评估身体活动情况。进行中介分析以检验BMI、PAQ-A得分和年龄对SLJ与STS表现之间关系的潜在间接影响。
男孩在STS（平均差异 = 25.2次重复/分钟；P < 0.001）和SLJ（平均差异 = 73.4厘米；P < 0.001）方面均显著优于女孩。在PAQ-A得分方面未发现显著的性别差异（P = 0.987）。观察到SLJ与STS表现之间存在强正相关（P = 0.768；P < 0.01）。BMI与SLJ或STS表现无显著相关性。在对BMI、年龄、PAQ得分和性别进行调整之前（β = 0.55，P < 0.001）和之后（β = 0.47，P = 0.004），STS重复次数均能预测更好的SLJ表现。BMI仅传递了这一关联中的一小部分、不显著的份额（间接β = 0.08，P = 0.122），表明STS与SLJ之间的关联在很大程度上是直接的（SLJ的模型R = 0.84）。
爆发性下肢力量和性别是下肢耐力的重要预测因素，而BMI与表现的关联有限。这些发现强调了在青少年体能评估和干预中纳入针对性别策略的重要性，并需谨慎将BMI作为表现指标进行解读。
